Figure 6

Differences in the effects of imeglimin and metformin on genes encoding proteins of mitochondrial respiratory complexes in HepG2 cells. (A) Scatter plot of RNA-seq data in Fig. 5 for the fold change in expression of genes encoding proteins of mitochondrial respiratory complexes induced by metformin or imeglimin at 3 mmol/l relative to the vehicle control. (B) RT-qPCR analysis of expression of the six genes indicated in (A) for cells treated with metformin or imeglimin at 3 mmol/l. (C) Scatter plot of RNA-seq data in Fig. 5 for the fold change in expression of genes encoding proteins of mitochondrial respiratory complexes induced by metformin or imeglimin at 0.25 mmol/l relative to the vehicle control. (D) RT-qPCR analysis of expression of the six genes indicated in (C) for cells treated with metformin or imeglimin at 0.25 mmol/l. (E) KEGG pathway analysis for genes whose expression was affected by metformin or imeglimin alone or by both drugs at 3 mmol/l. All RT-qPCR data are means ± SEM (n = 3 independent replicates). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, ns (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test).