Figure 1

Growth characteristics for control and lactate-stressed CHO cell cultures. (a) Viable cell density (VCD) (106 cells/mL) and cell viability (%), (b) Lactate (g/L), (c) Titer (g/L), and (d) Cell-specific productivity (pg/cellā¢day). Control cultures (purple circles) and stressed cultures (orange squares) Nā=ā2. Error bars represent standard deviations.