Table 3 Wall-clock circuit generation time at various system sizes N for approximating the imaginary time evolution step of TPQ state preparation with the QITE, inexact QITE, dilated operator, and FABLE algorithms at \(\beta =1\).

From: Exploring finite temperature properties of materials with quantum computers

Circuit generation time (s)

N

QITE

Inexact QITE

Dilated operator

FABLE

2

2.85

0.719

0.970

\(2.14 \times 10^{-3}\)

3

\(1.44 \times 10^2\)

3.71

1.53

\(6.39 \times 10^{-3}\)

4

–

7.53

4.44

\(2.61 \times 10^{-2}\)

5

–

11.51

17.4

\(8.71 \times 10^{-2}\)