Figure 6

(Weak Allee effect:) the fixed points (0, 0) and (1, 0) are saddle points. These are shown with open circles. The single interior fixed point is locally unstable and shown with a square open box. This unstable equilibrium is surrounded by a stable limit cycle which is shown as a thick red curve. The limit cycle attracts the neighboring trajectories. The stable and unstable manifolds of (0, 0) are y and x axis, respectively. The stable manifold of (1, 0) is the x axis and its unstable manifold is shown by black curve. The considered parameters are \(l=-0.01; \beta =1.2;a=0.5;b=1.0; d=0.3\).