Table 1 Study cohort characteristics, interventions within 72 h of hospital stay and 30-days outcome. All values are presented as n (%) unless stated otherwise.

From: Age-dependent thrombin generation predicts 30-day mortality and symptomatic thromboembolism after multiple trauma

 

All patients

Younger (< 40 years)

Older (≥ 40 years)

Male/female

280/138 (67/33%)

111/64 (63/37%)

169/74 (70/30%)

Age, years (median, (iqr))

44 (34)

25 (11)

57 (22)***

Pre-admission medical treatment

   Platelet inhibitors

27 (6%)

1 (1%)

26 (11%)***

   Anticoagulants

24 (6%)

0

24 (10%)

     Vitamin-K antagonists

12 (3%)

0

12 (5%)

     Direct oral anticoagulants

10 (2%)

0

10 (4%)

     Unspecified

2 (0.5%)

0

2 (1%)

   Antihypertensiva

57 (14%)

2 (1%)

55 (23%)***

Admission

   Primary admissions

385 (92%)

164 (94%)

221 (91%)

   Intubated on admission

52 (12%)

18 (10%)

34 (14%)

   Temperature < 35 °C, n = 99

5 (5%)

1 (1%)

4 (4%)

   Shock Index (HR/systolic blood pressure) ≥ 0.8, n = 351

43 (12%)

20 (14%)

23 (11%)

   Respiratory rate ≥ 25/min, n = 196

10 (5%)

3 (4%)

7 (6%)

   Time from trauma to admission, median (iqr), min

55 (37–76)

50 (35–71)

60 (42–79)**

Trauma mechanism

   Blunt

364 (87%)

143 (82%)

221 (91%)**

   Penetrating

17 (4%)

14 (8%)

3 (1%)**

   Combined

4 (1%)

4 (4%)

0*

   Unknown

33 (8%)

14 (8%)

19 (8%)

Trauma severity

 Injury severity score

   0–8

209 (50%)

112 (65%)

97 (40%)***

   9–15

93 (22%)

27 (15%)

66 (27%)**

   16–24

51 (12%)

13 (7%)

38 (16%)*

   25–75

54 (13%)

16 (9%)

38 (16%)

   Unknown

11 (3%)

7 (3%)

4 (2%)

Patients operated within 72 hours1

   One round of surgery

126 (30%)

44 (25%)

82 (34%)

   Repeated rounds of surgery

28 (7%)

8 (5%)

20 (8%)

Surgical procedures within 72 hours2

   Orthopedic surgery

76 (32%)

27 (12%)

49 (21%)

   Neuro surgery

43 (18%)

19 (8%)

24 (10%)

   Spine surgery

27 (10%)

7 (3%)

20 (9%)

   Thoracic surgery

26 (11%)

6 (3%)

20 (9%)*

   General surgery

20 (9%)

7 (3%)

13 (6%)

   Minor superficial procedures

19 (8%)

9 (4%)

10 (4%)

   Interventional radiology

14 (6%)

3 (1%)

11 (5%)

   Facial surgery

9 (4%)

6 (3%)

3 (1%)

Medical interventions within 72 hours3

   Blood transfusion

38 (9%)

11 (6%)

27 (11%)

   Massive blood transfusions

15 (4%)

6 (3%)

9 (4%)

   Thromboprophylaxis

146 (35%)

43 (25%)

103 (42%)***

     Initiated before 72 h

123 (29%)

34 (19%)

89 (37%)***

     Initiated after 72 h

23 (6%)

9 (5%)

14 (6%)*

30-days outcome

   Dead

15 (4%)

4 (2%)

11 (5%)

   Any thromboembolic event

12 (3%)

0

12 (5%)**

     Venous

7 (2%)

0

7 (3%)**

     Arterial

5 (1%)

0

5 (2%)**

  1. 1A surgical intervention was defined as one or more surgical procedures performed on the same day. Repeated surgery was defined as two or more surgical procedures 24 h apart.
  2. 2Surgical procedures within 72 h is presented as the sum of procedures in each category and the percentage of the total number of procedures performed in the cohort. Minor superficial procedures include gastro- and bronchoscopy, fasciotomies, major wound revisions, otorhinolaryngology surgery other than skeletal, plastic surgery, eye surgery, urologic procedures, vascular surgery on lower extremity artery, and digital amputation. Interventional radiology group contain vascular coils, coronary angiography, thrombectomy and transcutaneous drains.
  3. 3Massive blood transfusion was defined as more than 10 units of red blood cells and/or fresh frozen plasma.
  4. */**/***: p < 0.05/< 0.01/< 0.001.
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