Table 3 Lab/sample number, site, object number, lipid concentration (μg g−1), δ13C and Δ13C values, marine biomarkers present (n/a = not analysed and n/d = not determined) and attribution of residues.

From: Chemical evidence for milk, meat, and marine resource processing in Later Stone Age pots from Namaqualand, South Africa

Laboratory number

Site

Object number

Lipid concentration (µg g−1)

δ13C16:0

δ13C18:0

13C

Marine biomarkers

Attribution

NAM19

SK2005/057

AA21

740.8

− 21.9

− 21.9

0.0

LC APAAs, IPAs

Marine

NAM20

SK2005/057

AB21

326.0

− 21.7

− 21.7

0.0

n/a

Ruminant/non-ruminant adipose

NAM21

SK2005/057

AB22

2719.4

− 22.2

− 22.3

− 0.1

LC APAAs, IPAs

Marine

NAM22

SK2005/057

AB23

432.9

− 21.9

− 22.3

− 0.4

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM23

SK2005/057

AC22

3609.0

− 22.2

− 21.9

0.3

LC APAAs, IPAs

Marine

NAM24A

SK2005/057

W13

50.3

− 22.5

− 23.9

− 1.4

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM24ARes

SK2005/057

W13

1977.6

− 21.6

− 23.1

− 1.5

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM24C

SK2005/057

W13

209.5

− 22.4

− 22.5

− 0.1

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM25

SK2005/057

W14

192.8

− 22.5

− 22.0

0.5

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Non-ruminant adipose

NAM29

SK2005/057

Y14

1813.9

− 22.0

− 21.9

0.1

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM30

SK2005/057

Y15

493.4

− 22.0

− 21.8

0.1

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM31

SK2005/057

Y21

53.3

− 22.1

− 22.3

− 0.2

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM32

SK2005/057

Y23

251.9

− 22.4

− 22.6

− 0.2

n/a

Ruminant/non-ruminant adipose

NAM33A

SK2005/057

Z16

164.2

− 21.3

− 21.0

0.3

n/a

Ruminant/non-ruminant adipose

NAM33B

SK2005/057

Z16

159.5

− 21.9

− 22.2

− 0.3

n/a

Ruminant/non-ruminant adipose

NAM34

SK2006/026

D35

3443.4

− 24.1

− 26.2

− 2.0

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM35

SK2006/026

F24A

744.9

− 24.6

− 26.5

− 1.8

IPAs

Marine

NAM38

SK2006/026

G29B

1709.9

− 24.7

− 26.2

− 1.6

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM39

SK2006/026

G30B

1718.9

− 24.6

− 26.7

− 2.1

LC APAAs, IPAs

Marine

NAM40

SK2006/026

G30C

1751.5

− 24.1

− 26.5

− 2.3

LC APAAs, IPAs

Marine

NAM41

SK2006/026

G30D

4347.9

− 23.8

− 26.8

− 3.0

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM43A

SK2006/026

H25C

482.4

− 23.7

− 25.7

− 2.1

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM43B

SK2006/026

H25C

724.3

− 24.6

− 26.6

− 2.0

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM44

SK2006/026

H27C

582.8

− 25.5

− 26.4

− 0.9

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM48

SK2006/026

H28B

2035.8

− 23.1

− 22.1

1.0

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM49A

SK2006/026

H29CS

3048.0

− 24.9

− 26.7

− 1.7

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM50

SK2006/026

I24A

1559.0

− 24.4

− 27.1

− 2.6

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM51

SK2006/026

I29A

727.7

− 23.9

− 22.7

1.2

LC APAAs, IPAs

Marine

NAM52

SK2006/026

I30A

298.3

− 21.8

− 20.2

1.6

n.d

Non-ruminant adipose

NAM53

SK2006/026

I30B

2395.6

− 23.6

− 22.5

1.1

LC APAAs, IPAs

Marine

NAM54

SK2006/026

J23C

1131.1

− 24.5

− 26.4

− 1.9

LC APAAs

Marine

NAM56

SK2006/026

K28D

374.9

− 22.2

− 24.2

− 2.0

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM57

SK2006/026

L27B

1615.2

− 23.4

− 25.0

− 1.6

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM59

SK2006/026

L28D

499.2

− 21.9

− 24.1

− 2.1

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM61

JKB M

M35

577.1

− 23.6

− 25.5

− 1.9

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM62

JKB M

R24

235.9

− 25.0

− 26.2

− 1.2

n.d

Ruminant adipose

NAM63

JKB M

P24

380.6

− 25.0

− 26.3

− 1.3

n.d

Ruminant adipose

NAM64

JKB M

O38

593.4

− 20.0

− 21.4

− 1.4

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM65

JKB M

O40

1056.1

− 20.6

− 21.6

− 1.0

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM66

JKB M

O39

525.1

− 20.7

− 21.5

− 0.8

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant/non-ruminant adipose

NAM67

JKB M

Q24

343.8

− 24.3

− 26.3

− 1.9

n.d

Ruminant adipose

NAM68

JKB M

S23

3464.3

− 24.9

− 25.9

− 1.0

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM69

JKB M

P39

2798.1

− 20.6

− 21.2

− 0.6

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant/non-ruminant adipose

NAM70

JKB M

O24

313.7

− 24.9

− 26.3

− 1.4

n.d

Ruminant adipose

NAM72

JKB M

M34

1131.9

− 23.9

− 25.5

− 1.6

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM73A

JKB M

P37

2672.7

− 23.0

− 24.6

− 1.6

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM73B

JKB M

P37

1222.6

− 20.3

− 21.4

− 1.0

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM75A

JKB M

O36

2102.2

− 23.9

− 25.0

− 1.1

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM75B

JKB M

O36

10,734.3

− 22.7

− 24.4

− 1.7

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM76

JKB M

K29

2200.7

− 22.4

− 26.0

− 3.6

n/a

Ruminant dairy

NAM77

JKB M

P36

13,310.5

− 23.3

− 24.5

− 1.2

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM78

JKB M

N36

2438.8

− 24.3

− 25.3

− 0.9

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM79

JKB M

P35

4155.7

− 23.1

− 25.0

− 1.9

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM80A

JKB M

N35

674.7

− 23.9

− 25.7

− 1.8

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM80B

JKB M

N35

159.3

− 24.3

− 26.3

− 2.1

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM81

JKB K

J60

1260.8

− 24.4

− 26.2

− 1.8

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM82

JKB K

G62

183.6

− 21.8

− 26.4

− 4.6

n.d

Ruminant dairy

NAM83

JKB K

I56

255.6

− 24.0

− 25.4

− 1.5

n.d

Ruminant adipose

NAM84A

JKB K

G58

677.0

− 22.9

− 25.3

− 2.4

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM84B

JKB K

G58

1636.9

− 22.7

− 24.3

− 1.6

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM85

JKB K

K60

2445.4

− 24.1

− 26.1

− 2.0

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM86

JKB K

J57

564.2

− 23.4

− 25.6

− 2.2

n.d

Ruminant adipose

NAM87

JKB K

I55

421.1

− 23.7

− 25.4

− 1.7

n.d

Ruminant adipose

NAM88

JKB K

K61

1249.9

− 23.2

− 25.9

− 2.7

n.d

Ruminant adipose

NAM89

JKB K

R47

1074.5

− 23.8

− 26.0

− 2.2

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM90

JKB K

R60

88.6

− 24.0

− 26.3

− 2.3

n.d (C18 APAAs only)

Ruminant adipose

NAM94

JKB K

K62

263.9

− 23.9

− 25.7

− 1.8

n.d

Ruminant adipose

NAM96

JKB K

I57

109.5

− 24.2

− 25.5

− 1.3

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM97

JKB K

K63

618.9

− 24.6

− 26.5

− 1.9

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM99

JKB K

I59

737.4

− 23.9

− 26.0

− 2.1

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM101

JKB K

R54

107.5

− 24.2

− 25.2

− 0.9

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM102A

JKB K

AREA A

1005.9

− 23.7

− 25.3

− 1.6

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM103A

JKB K

AREA B

7029.0

− 26.0

− 27.3

− 1.3

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM103B

JKB K

AREA B

10,141.3

− 19.7

− 24.9

− 5.2

n/a

Ruminant dairy

NAM105

JKB K

S53

2826.2

− 23.5

− 25.9

− 2.5

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM107

JKB K

O56

240.4

− 21.1

− 23.8

− 2.6

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM108

JKB K

M62

109.1

− 20.8

− 22.1

− 1.3

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM111

JKB K

Q58

759.2

− 25.0

− 26.6

− 1.6

n/a

Ruminant adipose

NAM112

JKB K

F59

146.5

− 22.5

− 24.4

− 1.9

n/a

Ruminant adipose