Table 6 All-inclusive, high-influencer subtracted and sub-group [intervention duration, dose, and animal model type] analysis to understand the effects of anthocyanins on the Butanoic acid.
Study/ Subgroup type | SMD | 95% CI | P value | I2[%] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Study duration | ||||
< 4 weeks | 0.93 | − 0.80, 2.56 | 0.29 | 91 |
After removing Highly influencing studies | 0.82 | 0.30, 1.34 | 0.002 | 0 |
≥ 4 weeks | 1.81 | 0.90, 2.73 | 0.0001 | 90 |
After removing Highly influencing studies | 1.30 | 0.36, 2.25 | 0.007 | 89 |
Dose of anthocyanin | ||||
Lower Dose | 0.31 | − 1.27, 1.89 | 0.70 | 90 |
After removing Highly influencing studies | 0.97 | − 0.57, 2.50 | 0.22 | 83 |
Higher Dose | 3.08 | 1.50, 4.66 | 0.0001 | 86 |
After removing Highly influencing studies | 3.32 | 1.53, 5.11 | 0.0003 | 79 |
Study model type | ||||
High fat diet model | 3.64 | 2.31, 4.97 | 0.00001 | 92 |
After removing Highly influencing studies | 3.34 | 1.65, 5.03 | 0.0001 | 93 |
Other models [Western diet, tumour, colitis] | 0.33 | − 0.57, 1.24 | 0.47 | 86 |
After removing Highly influencing studies | 0.17 | − 0.49,0.83 | 0.61 | 72 |
