Table 8 The list of 34 phenological, vegetative, and yield traits considered according to IPGRI, IITA, and BAMNET71. (Nos 1–4 are the phonological traits, Nos 5–17 are the vegetative traits while Nos 18–37 are the yield traits.
S/N | Name of traits | Code | Description and measurement type |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Days to emergence | DTE | The no of days from planting to the arrival of the first typical leaf on the soil surface |
2 | Days to 50% flowering | D50%F | Measured from seed germination to arrival of 50% flowerings |
3 | Days to 50% maturity | D50M | The number of days from sowing to 50% maturity |
4 | Days to harvest | DTH | The number of days from sowing to the period of harvest |
5 | Plant height | PH | Taken at 30 days and 50%F. Measured from soil level to the tip of terminal leaflet |
6 | No of branches per plant | NBP | Data was counted at the time of harvest from the stems of the 5 measuring middle plants |
7 | No of stems per plant | NSP | Taken at 30 days and 50%F. Data counted from five middle healthy plants |
8 | Length of petioles per stem | LPS | Taken at 30 days and 50%F. Data counted from five middle healthy plants |
9 | No of leaves per plant | NLP | Taken at 30 days and 50%F. Data counted from five middle healthy plants |
10 | No of nodes per plant | NNP | Data counted at the time of harvest from the stems of middle healthy plants |
11 | Leaf length | LL | Taken at 30 days and 50%F. Measured from the longest leaf on the middle stem |
12 | Leaf width | LW | Taken at 30 days and 50%F. Measured from the widest leaf on the middle stem |
13 | Inter node ode length | IL | Taken at 30 days and 50%F. Average internode length of 3 middle stems of 5 plants |
14 | Panicle length | PL | Data measured at 50%F from the length of 2 flowers on stems of 5 healthy middle plants |
15 | Biomass fresh weight | BFW | Weight recorded at harvest of five healthy plants that were used in measuring |
16 | Biomass dry weight | BDW | Weight of dried plants in the oven at 35 °C for 2 h from the same harvested plants |
17 | Biomass per plant | BPP | Obtained by dividing dry by wet biomass and multiplying by 100 for the same plants used |
18 | Total no of pods per plant | TNP | Data was counted at harvest from the five middle plants that were used during morphology |
19 | Mature pod no per plant | MPN | Data was counted after harvest and was recorded and separated from immature pods |
20 | Immature pod no per plant | IMP | Data was counted after harvest and separated from five healthy middle plants |
21 | Fresh pod weight | FPW | Recorded at the time of harvest by using an Atom A-120 standard measuring scale |
22 | Fresh seed weight | FSW | Recorded after breaking the pods and weighed using the same measuring scale |
23 | Dry seed weight | DSW | Weighed and recorded after seeds have been oven dried and set at 12% moisture |
24 | Length of pods | LOP | Measured within 3 days of harvesting by using a manual caliper. Pods were set horizontally |
25 | Width of pods | WOP | Measured within 3 days of harvesting by using a manual caliper. pods were set vertically |
26 | Length of seeds | LOS | Measured for 5 plants by using a manual caliper and the seeds were placed horizontally |
27 | Width of seeds | WOS | Seeds were placed vertically and were measured by using a manually operating caliper |
28 | Shelling percentage | SP | Measured by dividing the fresh seed weight with the fresh pod weight multiplied by100 |
29 | Number of seeds per pod | NSP | Counted and recorded at harvest after breaking of pods |
30 | Yield per plant | YPP | Weighed after breaking the pods per plant by using a weighing scale |
31 | Hundred seed weight | HSW | Data weighing of 100 fresh seeds by using a weighing scale at harvest |
32 | Yield per plot (Shelled) | YPPs | Yield of all the harvested plants on each plot after breaking the pods |
33 | Yield per plot (Unshelled) | YPU | Yield of all the harvested plants on each plot before breaking the pods |
34 | Harvest index | HI | Measured using the formula of ratio of grain yield and biological yield |
35 | Yield kg per hectare | Yield(Kg/ha) | The dry seed weight of all the harvested plants (Yields) across all blocks and replications and then converting into kg/ha |
