Table 1 Comparisons of characteristics between pneumoconiosis workers and community subjects.
Characteristic | Community referents (N = 208) | Pneumoconiosis workers (N = 186) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | ||
Age group, years | 0.30 | ||||
< 65 | 28 | 13.5 | 34 | 18.3 | |
65–74 | 101 | 48.6 | 92 | 49.5 | |
≥ 75 | 79 | 38 | 60 | 32.3 | |
Education, years | < 0.001 | ||||
0–3 years | 44 | 21.2 | 78 | 41.9 | |
4–6 years | 68 | 32.7 | 76 | 40.9 | |
> 6 years | 96 | 46.2 | 32 | 17.2 | |
Marital status | 0.002 | ||||
Single/Divorced/Widowed | 37 | 17.8 | 14 | 7.5 | |
Married/cohabitation | 166 | 79.8 | 170 | 91.4 | |
Unknown | 5 | 2.4 | 2 | 1.1 | |
Employment | 0.045 | ||||
Retired | 175 | 84.1 | 169 | 90.9 | |
Employed | 33 | 15.9 | 17 | 9.1 | |
History of diabetes | 51 | 24.5 | 33 | 17.7 | 0.10 |
History of hypertension or CVDs | 112 | 53.8 | 102 | 54.8 | 0.84 |
Current sleep medication user | 9 | 4.3 | 5 | 2.7 | 0.43 |
Family history of dementia | 11 | 5.3 | 2 | 1.1 | 0.023 |
Smoking status | < 0.001 | ||||
Current smoker | 39 | 18.8 | 22 | 11.8 | |
Former smoker | 68 | 32.7 | 122 | 65.6 | |
Never smoker | 101 | 48.6 | 42 | 22.6 | |
Alcohol Drinking | < 0.001 | ||||
Current drinker | 35 | 16.8 | 37 | 19.9 | |
Former drinker | 31 | 14.9 | 63 | 33.9 | |
Never drinker | 142 | 68.3 | 86 | 46.2 | |
Tea drinker | 152 | 73.1 | 163 | 87.6 | < 0.001 |
Coffee drinker | 68 | 32.7 | 47 | 25.3 | 0.11 |
Anxiety score of HADS | 0.60 | ||||
Normal (0–7) | 183 | 88 | 159 | 85.5 | |
Borderline abnormal (8–10) | 18 | 8.7 | 15 | 8.1 | |
Abnormal (11–21) | 7 | 3.4 | 10 | 5.4 | |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1.1 | |
Depression score of HADS | 0.15 | ||||
Normal (0–7) | 165 | 79.3 | 158 | 84.9 | |
Borderline abnormal (8–10) | 23 | 11.1 | 17 | 9.1 | |
Abnormal (11–21) | 20 | 9.6 | 9 | 4.8 | |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1.1 | |
Physical activity | 0.54 | ||||
Low | 40 | 19.2 | 32 | 17.2 | |
Moderate | 107 | 51.4 | 106 | 57 | |
High | 61 | 29.3 | 48 | 25.8 | |
Poor sleep quality | 109 | 52.4 | 141 | 75.8 | < 0.001 |
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 72.9 | 8.0 | 71.3 | 7.8 | 0.058 |
Waist circumference, cm | 89.5 | 10.1 | 86.2 | 9.1 | < 0.001 |
Handgrip strength, kg | 27.6 | 7.8 | 28.6 | 8.4 | 0.21 |