Figure 3

(a–d) TEM images of NaYF4: 2% Er3+, 20% Yb3+ synthesized using the following reaction conditions: 50 mL OA, 40 mL OA, 30 mL OA, and 20 mL OA (for TEM images with higher resolution: see SI, Fig. S1k,p–r; (e) UCL spectra of the resulting UCNPs, excited at 980 nm; (f) Decay kinetics of the 540 nm Er3+ emission; (g) Decay kinetics of the 654 nm Er3+ emission.