Table 1 Characteristics of enrolled patients (N = 616) (imputed data), stratified by terminal extubation.

Characteristics of enrolled patients at baseline

Country

Canada

355 (57.6%)

66 (30.0%)

289 (73.0%)

 < 0.001**

Czech Republic

219 (35.6%)

153 (69.5%)

66 (16.7%)

Netherlands

42 (6.8%)

1 (0.5%)

41 (10.4%)

Centre

Group 1

271 (44.0%)

187 (85.0%)

84 (21.2%)

 < 0.001**

Group 2

345 (56.0%)

33 (15.0%)

312 (78.8%)

Age

65 (55.6, 74.6)

66 (57, 75)

64 (55, 74)

0.14*

Sex

Females

233 (37.8%)

94 (42.7%)

139 (35.1%)

0.061**

Males

383 (62.2%)

126 (57.3%)

257 (64.9%)

Chronic pre-existing medical condition

507 (82.3%)

197 (89.5%)

310 (78.3%)

 < 0.001**

Cardiac arrest with resuscitation before study inclusion

84 (13.6%)

40.0 (18.2%)

44.0 (11.1%)

0.014**

Admission diagnosis

Neurologic disorder

303 (49.2%)

66.0 (30.0%)

237.0 (59.6%)

 < 0.001**

Respiratory failure

94 (15.3%)

45.0 (20.5%)

49.0 (12.4%)

0.008**

Sepsis

91 (14.8%)

51.0 (23.2%)

40.0 (10.1%)

 < 0.001**

Other

128 (20.8%)

58.0 (26.4%)

71.0 (17.9%)

0.014**

Active malignancy^†

96.0 (15.6%)

50.0 (22.7%)

46.0 (11.6%)

 < 0.001**

Metastatic malignancy^†

30.0 (4.9%)

14.0 (6.4%)

16.0 (4.0%)

0.2**

BMI

27 (24, 31)

28 (23, 31)

27 (24, 30)

0.9*

APACHE II score (1st 24 h at ICU)

27 (22, 32)

29 (22, 35)

27 (22, 31)

0.043*

Characteristics of enrolled patients at WLST

GCS

3 (3, 5)

3 (3, 3)

3 (3, 6)

 < 0.001*

Pupillary reflex

Present

428 (69.5%)

169 (76.8%)

259 (65.4%)

0.003**

Absent

188 (30.5%)

51 (23.2%)

137 (34.6%)

Cough reflex

Present

449 (72.9%)

161 (73.2%)

288 (72.7%)

 > 0.9**

Absent

167 (27.1%)

59 (26.8%)

108 (27.3%)

Ventilation mode

Support

175 (28.4%)

41 (18.6%)

134 (33.8%)

 < 0.001**

Control

441 (71.6%)

179 (81.4%)

262 (66.2%)

Respiratory rate [bpm]

20 (16, 25)

20 (18, 26)

20 (15, 24)

0.009*

FiO₂ [%]

40 (30, 60)

50 (35, 71)

40 (30, 50)

 < 0.00*

PEEP [cmH₂O]

8 (6, 10)

8 (6, 10)

8 (5, 10)

0.6*

Peak inspiratory pressure [cmH₂O]

22 (18, 27)

24 (18, 30)

22 (18, 26)

 < 0.001*

Route

Endotracheal tube

597 (96.9%)

208 (94.5%)

389 (98.2%)

0.011*

Tracheostoma

19 (3.1%)

12 (5.5%)

7 (1.8%)

Mean arterial pressure [mmHg]

73 (62, 90)

65 (53, 76)

79 (68, 96)

 < 0.001*

Heart rate [bpm]

91 (75, 108)

98 (80, 114)

88 (74, 105)

 < 0.001*

Lactate [mmol L⁻¹]

1.8 (1, 3.8)

3.0 (1.3, 10.2)

1.5 (1.0, 2.3)

 < 0.001*

pH (arterial)

7.39 (7.28;7.45)

7.31 (7.20, 7.40)

7.42 (7.36, 7.46)

 < 0.001*

pO₂ [mmHg] (arterial)

95 (76, 118)

90 (71, 107)

100 (80, 128)

 < 0.001*

pCO₂ [mmHg] (arterial)

39 (34, 45)

41 (34, 48)

38 (34, 43)

0.008*

Total ranked dose of circulatory drugs

0.05 (0, 0.61)

0.59 (0.06, 0.86)

0 (0, 0.25)

 < 0.001*

Patients with circulatory drugs^†

325.0 (52.8%)

171.0 (77.7%)

154.0 (38.9%)

 < 0.001**

Total ranked dose of circulatory drugs (only patients with circulatory drugs)^†

0.59 (0.26, 0.85)

0.71 (0.45, 0.92)

0.36 (0.18, 0.74)

 < 0.001*

Total ranked dose of sedatives

0 (0, 0.37)

0 (0, 0.31)

0 (0, 0.42)

0.2*

Patients with sedatives^†

270.0 (43.8%)

88.0 (40.0%)

182.0 (46.0%)

0.2**

Total ranked dose of sedatives (only patients with sedatives)^†

0.47 (0.22, 0.81)

0.44 (0.23, 0.79)

0.47 (0.20, 0.81)

 > 0.9

Total ranked dose of opioids

0.04 (0, 0.49)

0 (0, 0.45)

0.10 (0, 0.51)

0.051*

Patients with opioids^†

313.0 (50.8%)

100.0 (45.5%)

213.0 (53.8%)

0.047**

Total ranked dose of opioids (only patients with opioids)^†

0.48 (0.26, 0.80)

0.48 (0.25, 0.80)

0.49 (0.26, 0.79)

0.7*

Eligible for donation after circulatory death^†

307.0 (49.8%)

68.0 (30.9%)

239.0 (60.4%)

 < 0.001**

Attempted donation after circulatory death

87 (14.1%)

4 (1.8%)

83 (21.0%)

 < 0.001*

Successful donation after circulatory death

60 (9.7%)

4 (1.8%)

56 (14.1%)

 < 0.001*