Table 2 Sources of heterogeneity and subgroup analysis in the Spirulina dataset according to a random effects model.
From: Benefits of the microalgae Spirulina and Schizochytrium in fish nutrition: a meta-analysis
Grouping | k | SMD | 95% CI | Q | I2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Family | |||||
Acipenseridae | 3 | 2.56 | [− 0.753; 5.884] | 61.7 | 96.8% |
Bagridae | 5 | -0.07 | [− 0.372; 0.232] | 1.8 | 0.0% |
Cichlidae* | 38 | 1.20 | [0.605; 1.802] | 942.5 | 96.1% |
Clariidae* | 8 | 0.23 | [0.100; 0.357] | 5.7 | 0.0% |
Cyprinidae | 10 | 0.18 | [− 0.054; 0.412] | 21.3 | 57.7% |
Mugilidae* | 10 | 5.11 | [1.089; 9.121] | 522.6 | 98.3% |
Oplegnathidae | 3 | 2.16 | [− 3.135; 7.459] | 158.3 | 98.7% |
Osphronemidae | 4 | 0.19 | [− 0.430; 0.810] | 10.6 | 71.7% |
Salmonidae | 13 | 0.15 | [− 0.859; 0.550] | 194.5 | 93.8% |
Serranidae | 5 | 2.43 | [− 1.192; 6.055] | 388.3 | 99.0% |
Serrasalmidae | 2 | 1.23 | [− 2.546; 5.001] | 1.7 | 42.4% |
Test for subgroup differences | Q = 53.42, df = 10, P < 0.001 | ||||
Habitat | |||||
Freshwater* | 82 | 0.705 | [0.381; 1.022] | 1531.2 | 94.7% |
Marine* | 19 | 3.557 | [1.336; 5.777] | 1092.0 | 94.8% |
Test for subgroup differences | Q = 7.11, df 1, P = 0.008 | ||||
Feeding | |||||
Carnivores | 26 | 0.680 | [− 0.094; 1.454] | 936.2 | 97.3% |
Omnivores* | 28 | 1.862 | [0.327; 3.396] | 576.9 | 95.3% |
Herbivores* | 47 | 1.177 | [0.667; 1.687] | 1181.7 | 96.1% |
Test for subgroup differences | Q = 2.37, df 2, P = 0.305 | ||||
Measurement | |||||
Individual data* | 87 | 1.322 | [0.776; 1.888] | 2596.1 | 96.7% |
Batch data | 14 | 0.436 | [− 0.566; 1.437] | 126.8 | 89.8% |
Test for subgroup differences | Q = 2.74, df = 1, P = 0.098 | ||||
