Table 1 A Summary of energy management techniques in smart buildings-based solution.
References | Year | EMS method | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | Symbolic Aggregate Approximation (SAX) | The information is gathered from two distinct locations | Results only include electrical energy demand | |
2018 | Generalized Additive Modeling | Real-world data sets served as the inspiration for the implementation | Although two buildings were used in the simulations, the number of data from building one is restricted | |
2019 | Case-Based Reasoning | SCADA system allows flexibility for real-time access to data, as well as archiving | By increasing the agents' number, there is a possibility that its performance will suffer | |
2020 | PSO + FOG computing | The PSO technique decreases task waiting time, latency, and network bandwidth | It is possible to experiment with different parameters, such as total electrical demand | |
2019 | Graph theory + IoT | Less computational time due to fast organizing data as it can quickly locate the shortest path and the nodes' neighbors | Poor display of results | |
2020 | Hadoop is used to connect to the cloud | Hadoop's distributed architecture for processing and storing data allows for the rapid processing of massive datasets | Kerberos authentication raises severe concerns about the absence of storage and network-level encryption | |
2020 | Readings taken both indoors and outside are sent to the cloud for subsequent analysis and decision-making on energy efficiency | Generalized model may apply to any building in Europe | Security threat in the cloud | |
2019 | Smart plug data is analyzed in the cloud | The cloud can track energy consumption in real-time through the smart plug | They did not specify the building type under study | |
2020 | Fuzzy Fog Model | User data can be evaluated locally, ensuring the data's privacy | Data transmission bandwidth can be prohibitively expensive | |
2019 | Game Theory Fog Model | The proposed framework for assessing decision-making in such circumstances as are encountered | Every participant is required to be aware of the other participants' cost functions | |
2019 | Cloud Fog TCP/IP Model | The data can be processed at the data source that is geographically located closest to the user | Costs and efforts are incurred when registering a domain name | |
2019 | Open System Interconnection–based smart meter design | The layer interfaces are consistent | The used communication technology supports one-way communication without acknowledgment | |
2020 | Fuzzy logic for minimum pricing energy cost | Lower hardware requirements | The used hardware may suffer from measurement errors | |
2020 | K-means clustering groups energy-using buildings | The k-means clustering algorithm is both quick and economical in terms of the amount of computing it requires | If the input data is of varying sizes, it nevertheless generates clusters of the same size |
