Table 3 Symptoms of depression and anxiety in pregnant and postpartum women by country.

From: A cross-country study on the impact of governmental responses to the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal mental health

Country

EPDS

 

Pregnant N = 3492

Postpartum N = 4131

Total N = 7623

Pregnant N = 3496

Postpartum N = 4121

Total N = 7617

Mdn (P25-P75)

EPDS ≥ 13 n (%)

Mdn (P25-P75)

EPDS ≥ 13 n (%)

Mdn (P25-P75)

EPDS ≥ 13 n (%)

Mdn (P25-P75)

GAD-7 ≥ 10 n (%)

Mdn (P25-P75)

GAD-7 ≥ 10 n (%)

Mdn (P25-P75)

GAD-7 ≥ 10 n (%)

Albania

8.0 (6.0–13.5)

5 (25.0)

8.0 (6.0–10.5)

3 (17.6)

8.0 (6.0–11.5)

8 (21.6)

5.0 (1.5–10.8)

7 (35.0)

5.0 (3.0–7.0)

3 (17.6)

5.0 (3.0–10.0)

10 (27.0)

Brazil

11.0 (7.0–16.0)

101 (37.7)

12.0 (8.0–17.0)

282 (47.2)

12.0 (8.0–16.0)

383 (44.3)

7.0 (4.0–12.8)

92 (34.3)

7.0 (5.0–13.0)

250 (41.9)

7.0 (4.5–13.0)

342 (39.5)

Bulgaria

8.0 (3.0–12.8)

11 (25.0)

7.0 (3.3–11.0)

9 (22.5)

7.5 (3.0–11.8)

20 (23.8)

5.0 (1.3–8.8)

9 (20.5)

4.5 (2.0–7.0)

6 (15.0)

5.0 (2.0–7.8)

15 (17.9)

Chile

9.0 (5.0–14.0)

60 (34.9)

11.0 (5.3–14.0)

92 (33.8)

10.0 (5.0–14.0)

152 (34.2)

7.0 (4.0–12.0)

62 (36.0)

8.0 (4.0–13.0)

113 (41.5)

7.5 (4.0–12.0)

175 (39.4)

Cyprus

6.0 (2.0–11.0)

40 (18.2)

7.0 (3.0–12.0)

56 (22.5)

7.0 (3.0–11.0)

96 (20.5)

3.5 (1.0–7.0)

30 (13.6)

4.0 (1.0–7.0)

40 (16.1)

4.0 (1.0–7.0)

70 (14.9)

Greece

6.0 (3.0–11.0)

64 (19.0)

7.0 (3.0–12.0)

90 (23.9)

7.0 (3.0–11.5)

154 (21.6)

6.0 (4.0–8.0)

51 (15.1)

6.0 (4.0–10.0)

96 (25.5)

6.0 (4.0–9.0)

147 (20.6)

Israel

7.0 (4.0–13.0)

59 (28.6)

7.0 (3.0–12.0)

67 (20.9)

7.0 (3.0–12.0)

126 (23.9)

4.0 (1.8–7.0)

33 (15.7)

3.0 (1.0–6.0)

41 (13.2)

4.0 (1.0–7.0)

74 (14.2)

Malta

9.0 (4.0–13.0)

31 (27.2)

9.0 (5.0–13.5)

51 (34.2)

9.0 (5.0–13.0)

82 (31.2)

5.0 (2.0–7.3)

21 (18.4)

5.0 (2.0–9.5)

37 (24.9)

5.0 (2.0–9.0)

58 (22.1)

Portugal

7.0 (4.0–12.0)

183 (24.3)

9.0 (5.0–13.0)

188 (28.1)

8.0 (4.0–13.0)

371 (26.1)

5.0 (3.0–8.0)

149 (19.8)

6.0 (3.0–9.0)

151 (22.6)

6.0 (3.0–9.0)

300 (21.1)

Spain

8.0 (4.0–13.0)

93 (26.3)

10.0 (5.0–14.0)

159 (33.5)

9.0 (5.0–13.0)

252 (30.4)

6.0 (3.0–11.0)

104 (29.5)

7.0 (3.0–12.0)

160 (33.7)

7.0 (3.0–11.0)

264 (31.9)

Turkey

8.0 (4.0–13.0)

225 (27.9)

9.0 (5.0–14.0)

216 (34.8)

9.0 (4.0–14.0)

441 (30.9)

3.0 (0.0–6.0)

102 (12.7)

4.0 (1.0–7.0)

101 (16.3)

3.0 (1.0–7.0)

203 (14.2)

UK3

9.0 (4.0–14.0)

63 (31.7)

11.0 (6.8–15.0)

136 (39.3)

10.0 (6.0–15.0)

199 (36.5)

4.0 (2.0–8.0)

42 (21.1)

6.0 (2.0–10.3)

97 (28.0)

5.0 (2.0–10.0)

139 (25.5)

Total

8.0 (4.0–13.0)

935 (26.8)

9.0 (5.0–14.0)

1349 (32.7)

9.0 (5.0–13.0)

2284 (30.0)

5.0 (2.0–8.0)

702 (20.1)

6.0 (3.0–10.0)

1095 (26.6)

5.0 (2.0–9.0)

1797 (23.6)

  1. EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; GAD-7, the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment; UK, The United Kingdom; Mdn, Median; P25, Percentile 25; P75, Percentile 75.
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