Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Flavescence dorée phytoplasma enters insect cells by a clathrin-mediated endocytosis allowing infection of its insect vector

Figure 4

Internalization of FD phytoplasmas (FDP) into S2 cells in presence of dsRNA chc (clathrin heavy chain) and GFP. (a) S2 cells were incubated for 2 or 7 days with dsRNA GFP (control, white boxes) or dsRNA chc (grey boxes). Expression of the chc gene was measured regards to the reference genes glutathione S-transferase and elongator factor 1. *Indicates a significant difference with p = 0.0463 at 2 days and p = 0.0495 at 7 days under the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test of the R commander package of R software version 4.0.3 (R: A language and Environment for statistical computing, R Core Team, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2020, https://www.R-project.org). (b) internalization of FD phytoplasmas into S2 cells seven days after the cells were transfected with dsRNA GFP (white) or dsRNA chc (grey). ***Indicates a significant difference with p = 1.3 × 10–10 under the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test. (c) control of RNAi efficiency into S2 cells transfected at the same time as cells infected in (b). The chc gene expression was measured regards to the reference genes glutathione S-transferase and elongator factor 1. **Indicates a significant difference with p = 0.00265 under the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test.

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