Table 1 Quantitative histopathological assessment of staining sections observed in DEP- and APM-instilled mice.

From: Establishment of an artificial particulate matter-induced lung disease model through analyzing pathological changes and transcriptomic profiles in mice

Group

VC

DEP

1.25

DEP

2.5

DEP

5

APM

1.25

APM

2.5

APM

5

Accumulation of particle-pigment alveolar macrophages and black particles in the alveolar lumen

 Minimal

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

 Slight

0

4

1

0

1

0

0

 Moderate

0

0

2

4

4

5

1

 Severe

0

0

0

1

0

0

4

 Mean ± SD

0

1.8 ± 0.45##

1.6 ± 1.52##

3.2 ± 0.45####

2.8 ± 0.45####

3 ± 0.00####

3.8 ± 0.45####

Inflammatory cell infiltration, perivascular

 Minimal

0

2

2

1

1

2

0

 Slight

0

0

0

0

0

2

2

 Moderate

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

 Mean ± SD

0

0.4 ± 0.55

0.4 ± 0.55

0.8 ± 1.30

0.2 ± 0.45

1.2 ± 0.84

0.8 ± 1.09

Granulomatous inflammation

 Minimal

0

0

0

0

0

1

2

 Slight

0

0

0

0

1

2

2

 Moderate

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

 Mean ± SD

0

0

0

0

0.4 ± 0.89

1.60 ± 1.14##

1.2 ± 0.4#

Pulmonary fibrosis

 Minimal

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

 Mean ± SD

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.4 ± 0.55

Mucous cell hyperplasia

 Minimal

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

 Mean ± SD

0

0

0

0

0

0.2 ± 045

0

  1. 1, minimal; 2, slight; 3, moderate; 4, severe. Data are presented as mean ± SD from four or five mice per group. DEP diesel exhaust particulate matter, APM artificial matter. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, or ####p < 0.0001 vs. VC.