Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included articles.

From: No evidence for the benefit of PPIs in the treatment of acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study

Type

Origin

Sample size (female %)

Mean age ± SD (years)

Acute pancreatitis severity

Experimental group

Experimental group sample size (female %)

Experimental mean age ± SD (years)

Control group

Control group sample size (female %)

Control group mean age ± SD (years)

Outcome

Demcsák11

cohort

Inter-national

17,422 (43.6%)

56.5 ± 17.9

All form

Dexlansoprazole, esomeprazole, ilaprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole

12,764 (43.6%)

56.8 ± 17.9

SoC

4658 (44.2%

55.6 ± 17.6

GI bleeding

Hong22

RCT

China

96 (53.1%)

NR*

Severe

3 mg somatostatin + 40 mg IV omeprazole q24h for 7d then 3 mg somatostatin + 40 mg IV omeprazole q12h for 7d

48 (54.2%)

NR*

SoC

48 (52.1%)

NR*

ARDS GI bleeding Pancreatic pseudocyst

Ma23

RCT

China

45 (40.0%)

45.4 ± NR

Severe

Octreotide 50 mcg/h for 72 h then 25mcg/h for 96 h + esomeprazole 40 mg IV for 7d

24 (33.3%)

44.8 ± 10.6

octreotide 50 mcg/h for 72 h then 25mcg/h for 96 h

SoC

21 (47.6%)

46.0 ± 11.7

GI bleeding Laboratory parameters

Ma26

RCT

China

66 (34.8%)

45.3 ± NR

Severe

Esomeprazole 40 mg q24h

33 (30.3%)

46.1 ± 11.1

SoC

33 (39.4%)

44.6 ± 9.3

Mortality (7d)

Murata19

cohort

Japan

10,400

NR**

Severe

Lansoprazole or omeprazole

3879 (33.1%)

NR**

SoC

6521 (34.8%)

NR**

Mortality (7d)

Wang25

RCT

China

160 (46.3%)

63.4 ± NR

Severe

3 mg somatostatin + 40 mg IV esomeprazole q24h for 7d then 6 mg somatostatin + 40 mg IV esomeprazole q12h for 14d

80 (45.0%)

63.4 ± 8.0

SoC

80 (47.5%)

63.3 ± 8.5

LOHS

Xia20

RCT

China

140 (34.3%)

42.8 ± NR

Severe

3 mg somatostatin + 40 omeprazole IV q24h for 7d

70 (37.1%)

41.67 ± 22.56

SoC

70 (31.4%)

43.85 ± 19.71

ARDS Mortality (7d) LOHS Pancreatic pseudocyst

Yoo24

RCT

South Korea

40 (20.0%)

48.5 ± NR

All form

Pantoprazole IV or PO q12h

20 (15.0%)

49.3 ± 16.5

SoC

20 (25.0%)

47.6 ± 18.3

LOHS

Zhang21

cohort

China

858 (37.9%)

56.0 ± NR

All form

Esomeprazole, omeprazole or pantoprazole

336 (45.5%)

56.59 ± 17.17

SoC

174 (47.7%)

55.4 ± 17.03

ARDS

LOHS

Mortality (7d)

Pancreatic pseudocyst

  1. SD standard deviation, RCT randomized controlled trial, PPI proton pump inhibitor, SoC standard of care, NR not reported, mg milligram, mcg microgram, IV intravenous, PO per os, q every, h hour, d day, GI gastrointestinal, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, AKI acute kidney injury, LOHS length of hospital stay.
  2. *Min–max age was reported.
  3. **Age groups were reported.
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