Table 3 Mechanical properties and specific milling energy of spelt and common wheat grain.

From: The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour

Parameter

Oberkulmer Rotkorn

Schwabenkorn

Franckenkorn

Zollernspelz

Common wheat

Rupture force, Fr (N)

78.4 ± 22.9b*

80.1 ± 27.9bc

62.1 ± 16.4a

75.4 ± 26.8ab

88.8 ± 24.2b

Displacement, l (mm)

0.78 ± 0.26b

0.80 ± 0.30b

0.67 ± 0.22ab

0.72 ± 0.26ab

0.62 ± 0.17a

Rupture energy, Re (mJ)

30.7 ± 17.7bc

31.7 ± 21.0c

19.8 ± 12.2a

25.8 ± 19.1abc

21.0 ± 14.9ab

Specific milling energy, Er (kJ·kg-1)

57.1 ± 5.3b

73.0 ± 1.9c

47.2 ± 2.0a

54.8 ± 2.5b

69.5 ± 2.1c

  1. *Values given as the average values ± standard deviation (SD). Values marked with the same letters in rows are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.