Table 4 Physical properties of spelt and common wheat flour.

From: The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour

Parameter

Oberkulmer Rotkorn

Schwabenkorn

Franckenkorn

Zollernspelz

Common wheat

Average size of the particles, df (µm)

96.5 ± 1.0c*

116.5 ± 0.4d

87.5 ± 0.8a

90.5 ± 1.0b

115.5 ± 0.8d

d(0.1) (µm)

17.9 ± 0.6c

42.8 ± 0.5e

13.7 ± 0.4a

16.1 ± 0.4b

40.1 ± 1.4d

d(0.5) (µm)

97.9 ± 1.6c

123.5 ± 0.9d

85.0 ± 1.3a

89.6 ± 1.7b

126.3 ± 1.5d

d(0.9) (µm)

212.1 ± 2.6c

247.3 ± 1.6c

204.1 ± 1.3a

209.1 ± 3.1ab

266.6 ± 5.1d

SPAN (-)

1.98 ± 0.01c

1.66 ± 0.02a

2.24 ± 0.03e

2.15 ± 0.02d

1.79 ± 0.02b

Damaged Starch (%)

3.84 ± 0.06ab

6.14 ± 0.14d

3.69 ± 0.08a

4.11 ± 0.10b

5.00 ± 0.14c

DSC of flour

 To (°C)

59.4 ± 0.3c

56.3 ± 0.2a

57.9 ± 0.8b

58.4 ± 0.5b

61.0 ± 0.1d

 Tp (°C)

64.1 ± 0.2d

62.3 ± 0.1a

63.8 ± 0.1c

63.2 ± 0.2b

65.1 ± 0.2e

 Te (°C)

68.8 ± 0.6ab

68.0 ± 1.2a

68.4 ± 0.2a

68.4 ± 0.4a

69.8 ± 0.3b

 ΔT (°C)

9.4 ± 0.4ab

11.7 ± 1.0c

10.6 ± 0.8bc

10.0 ± 0.8ab

8.8 ± 0.3a

 ΔH (J g−1)

5.3 ± 0.1a

5.8 ± 0.4ab

6.3 ± 0.5b

5.6 ± 0.7ab

5.4 ± 0.3a

  1. *Values given as the average values ± standard deviation (SD). Values marked with the same letters in rows are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.