Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of LVI, PNI and other related factors.
From: Prognostic impact of lymphovascular and perineural invasion in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue
Overall survival | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
Gender | ||||
Female | 0.66 | |||
Male | 1.168 (0.585–2.329) | |||
Age (years) | ||||
< 60 | 0.947 | |||
≥ 60 | 1.024 (0.513–2.043) | |||
Smoking | ||||
No | 0.293 | |||
Yes | 0.622 (0.257–1.508) | |||
Alcohol | ||||
No | 0.702 | |||
Yes | 0.849 (0.369–1.957) | |||
Pathologic T stage | ||||
T1-2 | 0.144 | |||
T3-4 | 1.74 (0.827–3.661) | |||
Pathologic N stage | ||||
0 | < 0.001 | 0.452 | ||
1 | 3.117 (1.32–7.364) | 1.103 (0.255–4.773) | ||
2 | 6.108 (2.728–13.677) | 1.954 (0.459–8.319) | ||
Tumor stage | ||||
I-II | 0.001 | 0.821 | ||
III-IV | 3.303 (1.622–6.725) | 1.165 (0.311–4.356) | ||
Histological grade | ||||
Poorly | 0.006 | 0.058 | ||
Moderately | 5.116 (1.381–18.954) | 2.281 (0.568–9.16) | ||
Well | 3.136 (1.435–6.856) | 0.861 (0.191–3.879) | ||
Postoperative radiotherapy | ||||
No | 0.037 | 0.193 | ||
Yes | 2.263 (1.051–4.872) | 1.739 (0.756–3.999) | ||
LVI | ||||
Negative | < 0.001 | 0.001 | ||
Positive | 7.56 (3.645–15.684) | 4.537 (1.871–11.001) | ||
PNI | ||||
Negative | < 0.001 | 0.004 | ||
Positive | 3.497 (1.731–7.063) | 3.309 (1.466–7.472) | ||
