Table 3 Mean, mode and median (med.) values of visualization assessment of fine endodontic anatomical structures (1—appropriate, 2—acceptable and 3—inappropriate) considering scanning protocols and conditions.

From: Image quality for visualization of cracks and fine endodontic structures using 10 CBCT devices with various scanning protocols and artefact conditions

CBCT

Control

Small FOV high resolution

Small FOV standard resolution

Medium FOV standard resolution

Metal-free

Implant

Endo

Metal-free

Implant

Endo

Metal-free

Implant

Endo

Mean

Mode

Med

Mean

Mode

Med

Mean

Mode

Med

Mean

Mode

Med

Mean

Mode

Med

Mean

Mode

Med

Mean

Mode

Med

Mean

Mode

Med

Mean

Mode

Med

A

1.0

1.1*

1*

1*

1.3*

1*

1*

1.5*

1*

1*

1.6*

2*

1*

1.9

2

1

2.0

2

2

1.8*

2*

1*

1.7*

2*

1*

1.9

2

1

B

1.0

1.6*

1*

2*

1.7*

1*

2*

1.9

2*

2*

1.8*

1*

2*

2.1

2

2

1.9

2

2

2.2

2

2

2.3

2

2

2.3

2

2

C

1.0

1.5*

2*

2*

1.6*

1*

1*

2.1

2

2

1.8

2

2

1.8*

2

2

2.1

2

2

2.3

3

2

2.4

3

3*

2.5

3

3*

D

1.0

1.6*

2*

2*

1.6*

2*

2

1.6*

1*

1*

2.2

1

2

1.9

2

2

2.3

2

2

2.3

2

2

2.5

2

2

2.6

3

3

E

1.0

1.3*

1*

1*

1.3*

1*

1*

1.5*

1*

1*

1.5*

1*

1*

2.0

2

2

2.2

2

2

2.7

3

3

2.8

3

3

2.7

3

3

F

1.0

1.6*

2*

2*

1.8*

2*

2*

2.1*

1*

2*

2.3*

2*

2*

2.5

3

3

2.3

2

2

2.3

2

2

2.4

2

2

2.4

2

2

G

1.0

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

1.6*

2*

2*

2.3

2*

2*

1.9

1

2*

2.3

3

2*

2.6

3

3

2.0

2

2*

H

1.0

1.5*

1*

1*

1.5*

1*

1*

1.6*

1*

1*

2.5

2

2

2.7

2

3*

2.7

3

3*

2.3

2

2

2.4

2

2

2.4

2

2

I

1.0

1.9*

1*

2*

1.9*

2*

2*

2.3

2

2*

2.9

3

3

2.2

2

2

2.1

2

2

2.9

3

3

2.8

3

3

2.8

3

3

J

1.0

2.1

2

2

2.3

2

2

2.1

2

2

2.9

3

3

2.9

3

3

2.5

3

3

2.3

2

2

2.5

3

3

2.8

3

3

  1. *Statistical similarity with the reference industrial CT scan, which is shown as ‘Control’ (1.0—appropriate for visualizing the anatomical structures).
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