Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses for the overall survival after surgery.

From: Characterization of pancreatic cancer with ultra-low tumor mutational burden

Variable

Univariate

Multivariate

P-valuea

HR

95% CI

P-valueb

Patient characteristics

 Age, years

  ≥ 70

0.416

   

  < 70

    

 Sex male

  Male

0.779

   

  Female

    

 CA19-9 level, units/ml

  ≥ 124

0.045

1.13

0.68–1.88

0.6321

  < 124

    

Peri-operative management

 Resectability status

  BR

0.221

   

  R

    

 Neoadjuvant treatment

  Not performed

0.982

   

  Performed

    

 Adjuvant treatment

  Not performed

0.003

1.50

0.88–2.51

0.1360

  Performed

    

Pathological findings

 Location

  Ph

0.013

1.15

0.66–2.07

0.6292

  Pbt

    

 Histological type

  Adenocarcinoma

0.958

   

  Adenosquamous carcinoma

    

 Tumor size, mm

  ≥ 40

0.815

   

  < 40

    

 Lymph node metastasis

  Positive

< 0.001

4.18

1.95–10.06

< 0.001

  Negative

    

 Distant metastasis

  Positive

0.851

   

  Negative

    

 Surgical margin

  Positive

0.929

   

  Negative

    

Molecular correlates

 TMB

  Low (< 5.0, ≥ 1.0)

0.018

2.11

1.14–3.73

0.0192

  Ultra-low (< 1.0)

    

 Estimated tumor content

  ≥ 0.25

0.609

   

  < 0.25

    

 Driver mutations

  KRAS mutant

0.060

   

  KRAS wild type

    

  TP53 mutant

0.339

   

  TP53 wild type

    

  CDKN2A mutant

0.175

   

  CDKN2A wild type

    

  SMAD4 mutant

0.761

   

  SMAD4 wild type

    
  1. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, BR borderline resectable, R resectable, Ph pancreatic head, Pbt pancreatic body and tail, TMB tumor mutation burden. Significant values are in bold.
  2. aKaplan-Meier method. Significance was determined by the log-rank test. bMultivariate survival analysis was performed using Cox's proportional hazard model.
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