Table 2 Sarcopenia defining parameters in men and women living with HIV on and not on statins.

From: Statin protects men but not women with HIV against loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical function: a pilot study

 

Men

Women

PLWH not on statins (n = 22)

PLWH on statins (n = 22)

p

PLWH not on statins (n = 30)

PLWH on statins (n = 30)

p

Age (years)

53.5 ± 7.9

53.4 ± 8.0

0.98

54.2 ± 8.5

54.3 ± 8.8

0.95

Body mass index (kg/m2)

26.9 ± 2.3

29.1 ± 5.2

0.07

29.9 ± 6.4

28.4 ± 7.0

0.78

Time living with HIV (months)

144.2 ± 99.0

165.1 ± 88.4

0.47

154.6 ± 90.1

159.3 ± 88.5

0.88

Time of ART use (months)

122.5 ± 79.1

154.1 ± 83.2

0.20

132.8 ± 82.7

150.7 ± 90.3

0.78

Time under statins (months)

–

53.4 ± 43.2

 

–

45.3 ± 38.4

0.47#

Body composition

 Fat mass (kg)

20.5 ± 5.7

24.5 ± 12.0

0.19

29.2 ± 12.2

25.7 ± 11.2

0.29

 Fat mass (%)

26.2 ± 4.9

27.5 ± 7.8

0.51

39.7 ± 7.4

36.3 ± 6.8

0.09

 ASM (kg)

26.4 ± 1.9

28.4 ± 3.1

0.04

20.4 ± 4.1

18.9 ± 4.7

0.21

 ASM/h2 (kg/m2)

8.5 ± 0.5

8.9 ± 1.1

0.09

7.1 ± 1.0

6.7 ± 1.7

0.37

 Low ASM/h2 (%)

0 (0)

1 (4)

0.92

2 (7)

4 (13)

0.46

Muscle strength

 Handgrip Strength (kg)

37.1 ± 8.3

42.1 ± 8.8

0.05

24.6 ± 5.4

24.7 ± 6.5

0.93

 Low Handgrip Strength (%)

2 (9)

1 (3)

0.48

2 (6)

2 (6)

1

Physical function

 Balance (score)

3.8 ± 0.7

3.8 ± 0.5

0.98

3.6 ± 0.8

3.7 ± 0.6

0.87

 Gait speed (m/s)

1.27 ± 0.19

1.07 ± 0.16

 < 0.01

1.22 ± 0.20

1.28 ± 0.17

0.21

 Chair stand (s)

14.4 ± 4.8

11.9 ± 3.5

0.05

14.4 ± 6.4

14.5 ± 4.8

0.98

 SPPB (score)

9.5 ± 2.1

10.9 ± 1.3

0.01

9.8 ± 2.1

9.6 ± 2.0

0.91

 Low SPPB score (%)

6 (27)

2 (6)

0.03

8 (26)

6 (20)

0.65

  1. Values in the table are mean ± standard deviation when variables are continuous; and number and (%) when variables are categories. Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and categorical variables are expressed as absolute (relative) values. Low values for ASM/h2, handgrip strength, and SPPB were determined according to Cruz-Jentoft et al.19.
  2. PLWH people living with HIV, ART antiretroviral therapy, ASM appendicular skeletal muscle mass, ASM/h2 ASM index, SPPB short physical performance battery.
  3. #Comparison between men and women on statins.
  4. Significant values are in bold.
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