Table 4 The incidence of pregnancy complications in the population below or above the optimal GWG was compared.

From: Investigation of optimal gestational weight gain for twin pregnancy in Southwest China: a retrospective study

 

A: weeklyGWG:0.43–0.58 (167)

B: weekly GWG < 0.43 or > 0.58 (177)

C: weekly GWG < 0.43 (86)

D: weekly GWG > 0.50 8 (91)

P: A vs B

P: C vs D

P : A vs C

P : A vs D

Underweight (344)

 GH

9 (5.4%)

7 (4.0%)

1 (1.2%)

6 (6.6%)

0.528

0.064

0.102

0.693

 PE

18 (10.8%)

18 (10.2%)

6 (7.0%)

12 (13.2%)

0.854

0.172

0.328

0.564

 GDM

19 (11.4%)

36 (20.3%)

24 (27.9%)

12 (13.2%)

0.016

0.015

0.001

0.167

 PROM

34 (20.4%)

37 (20.9%)

24 (27.9%)

13 (14.3%)

0.901

0.026

0.176

0.227

 PB < 36w

58 (34.7%)

73 (41.2%)

46 (53.5%)

27 (29.7%)

0.060

0.001

0.004

0.409

FGR

13 (7.8%)

12 (6.8%)

6 (7.0%)

6 (6.6%)

0.720

0.919

0.817

0.726

 

A: weeklyGWG:0.41–0.58 (855)

B: weekly GWG < 0.41 or > 0.58 (1118)

C: weekly GWG < 0.41 (673)

D: weekly GWG > 0.58 (445)

P: A vs B

P: C vs D

P: A vs C

P: A vs D

Normal weight (1973)

 GH

27 (3.2%)

41 (3.4%)

18 (2.8%)

23 (5.2%)

0.539

0.030

0.579

0.074

 PE

120 (14.0%)

159 (14.2%)

52 (7.7%)

107 (24.0%)

0.906

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 GDM

183 (21.4%)

313 (28.0%)

236 (35.1%)

77 (17.3%)

0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.079

PROM

165 (19.4%)

233 (20.8%)

161 (23.9%)

72 (16.2%)

0.397

0.001

0.028

0.167

 PB < 36w

308 (36.0%)

394 (35.2%)

279 (41.5%)

115 (25.8%)

0.719

 < 0.001

0.030

 < 0.001

 FGR

49 (5.7%)

70 (6.3%)

47 (7.0%)

23 (5.2%)

0.624

0.188

0.316

0.674

 

A: weeklyGWG: 0.36–0.55 (219)

B: weekly GWG < 0.36 or > 0.55 (256)

C: weekly GWG < 0.36 (135)

D: weekly GWG > 0.55 (121)

P: A vs B

P: C vs D

P: A vs C

P: A vs D

Over weight (475)

 GH

5 (2.3%)

10 (3.9%)

5 (3.7%)

5 (4.1%)

0.313

0.860

0.433

0.334

 PE

40 (18.3%)

54 (21.1%)

14 (10.4%)

40 (33.1%)

0.440

 < 0.001

0.045

0.002

 GDM

78 (35.6%)

99 (30.5%)

63 (46.7%)

36 (29.8%)

0.556

0.669

0.039

0.273

 PROM

32 (14.6%)

54 (21.1%)

31 (23.0%)

23 (19.0%)

0.067

0.439

0.046

0.309

 PB < 36w

34 (15.5%)

41 (16.0%)

23 (17.0%)

18 (14.9%)

0.884

0.638

0.707

0.847

 FGR

11 (5.0%)

10 (3.9%)

7 (5.2%)

3 (2.5%)

0.555

0.265

0.946

0.258

 

A: weekly GWG:0.24–0.59 (40)

B: weekly GWG < 0.24 or > 0.5 (25)

C: weekly GWG < 0.24 (12)

D: weekly GWG > 0.59 (13)

P: A vs B

P: C vs D

P: A vs C

P: A vs D

Obese (65)

 GH

6 (15.0%)

1 (4.0%)

1 (8.3%)

0 (0.0%)

0.164

0.212

0.553

0.138

 PE

13 (32.5%)

6 (25.0%)

0 (0.0%)

6 (46.2%)

0.464

0.007

0.023

0.372

 GDM

22 (55.0%)

10 (40.0%)

6 (50.0%)

4 (30.8%)

0.239

0.327

0.761

0.129

 PROM

8 (20.0%)

3 (12.0%)

2 (16.7%)

1 (7.7%)

0.033

0.490

0.797

0.305

 PB < 36w

22 (55.0%)

11 (44.0%)

7 (58.3%)

4 (30.8%)

0.403

0.165

0.838

0.129

FGR

4 (10.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0.103

–

0.254

0.236

  1. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  2. GWG gestational weight gain, GH gestational hypertension, PE preeclampsia, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, PROM premature rupture of membranes, PB preterm birth, FGR fetal growth restriction. A represents the women in the optimal GWG range. B represents the women outside the optimal GWG range. C represents the women below the optimal GWG range. D represents the women exceed the optimal GWG range.
  3. Significant values are in [bolditalics].
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