Figure 6 | Scientific Reports

Figure 6

From: A comprehensive toxicological analysis of trans-fatty acids (TFAs) reveals a pro-apoptotic action specific to industrial TFAs counteracted by polyunsaturated FAs

Figure 6

Schematic illustration of the toxic actions of TFAs and the protective actions of PUFAs. Upon eATP stimulation, iTFAs, such as EA and LEA, potently enhanced CaMKII-dependent ASK1 activation and apoptosis (solid red arrow), whereas rTFAs, such as TVA, RA, and PEA, did not (dotted gray arrow). PUFAs, such as DHA, EPA, and AA, strongly blocked pro-apoptotic effect of EA possibly by targeting ASK1, which could be utilized for preventing and combating TFA-related diseases.

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