Table 3 Risk factors of all-cause mortality in elderly (≥ 65 years) patients with diabetes.

From: Prognostic significance of albuminuria in elderly of various ages with diabetes

Variables

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysisc

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

Age, year

1.122 (1.107–1.138)

 < 0.001

1.101 (1.085–1.118)

 < 0.001

Female (vs. male)

0.699 (0.591–0.826)

 < 0.001

0.670 (0.565–0.795)

 < 0.001

BMI, kg/m2

0.962 (0.934–0.992)

0.013

0.963 (0.938–0.990)

0.007

SBP, mmHg

1.004 (0.998–1.011)

0.212

  

Duration of diabetes (per 1 year)

1.020 (1.011–1.029)

 < 0.001

  

ACR < 30 mg/gCr

1

 

1

 

 ACR 30 to 300 mg/gCr

2.321 (1.941–2.775)

 < 0.001

1.742 (1.411–2.153)

 < 0.001

 ACR > 300 mg/gCr

2.632 (2.072–3.344)

 < 0.001

1.810 (1.344–2.441)

 < 0.001

eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2

0.972 (0.967–0.977)

 < 0.001

0.988 (0.982–0.993)

 < 0.001

HbA1c, %

1.158 (1.076–1.246)

 < 0.001

1.152 (1.074–1.236)

 < 0.001

HDL cholesterol, mg/dl

0.993 (0.986–1.000)

0.045

  

LDL cholesterol, mg/dl

0.998 (0.995–1.001)

0.163

  

Cardiovascular diseaseab

2.079 (1.753–2.465)

 < 0.001

1.462 (1.226–1.743)

 < 0.001

Heart failurea

2.609 (1.870–3.641)

 < 0.001

2.115 (1.501–2.980)

 < 0.001

  1. HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; ACR, albumin to creatinine ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HDL-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
  2. aDefined as a comorbidity that a diagnostic code existed prior to study enrollment.
  3. bMyocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack, and peripheral vascular disease were combined into a cardiovascular disease (CVD) based on whether any of the individual comorbidities were present.
  4. cAge, sex, BMI, SBP, duration of diabetes, stage of albuminuria, eGFR, HbA1c, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and history of comorbidities (cardiovascular disease and heart failure) were included in the multivariate analysis.
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