Table 3 Comparison of MAFLD subgroups according to metabolic risk profile, non-invasive tests and HIV-related parameters.
From: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in people living with HIV
Variables | Overweight/obesity | Lean/normal weight | Overweight/obesity and/or T2DM | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 58 | 6 | 11 | |
Metabolic risk abnormalities | ||||
Waist circumference | 108 (99.5; 116.5) | 97 (94.3; 98) | 104 (96; 113) | 0.006 |
Hypertension | 23 (44.2) | 4 (66.7) | 5 (45.5) | 0.579 |
Triglycerides | 174.5 (108.8; 230.5) | 135 (116; 158) | 233 (187; 314) | 0.018 |
High TG | 22 (57.9) | 1 (20) | 9 (100) | 0.009 |
HDL | 46.5 (38; 57.3) | 40 (38; 54.4) | 47 (35; 52) | 0.618 |
Low HDL | 13 (40.6) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (14.3) | 0.254 |
HbA1c | 5.4 (5.1; 5.9) | 5.3 (4.8; 5.9) | 6.6 (6.2; 7.8) | 0.010 |
Prediabetes | 9 (31) | 2 (50) | 0.675 | |
High alcohol intake | 10 (17.3) | 0 | 0 | 0.184 |
Non-invasive tests | ||||
CAP (dB/m) | 317 (292.3; 345.3) | 323 (295; 331.3) | 315 (305; 352) | 0.870 |
LSM (kPa) | 5 (4; 6.2) | 4.7 (3.8; 5.1) | 6.3 (5; 7.6) | 0.038 |
≥ 8.2 kPa | 5 (8.6) | 0 | 2 (18.2) | 0.434 |
FLI | 85 (67.5; 95.5) | 38 (26; 44) | 80 (74.5; 87.5) | 0.002 |
FLI > 60 | 34 (89.5) | 0 | 9 (90) | < 0.001 |
APRI | 0.34 (0.25; 0.48) | 0.25 (0.18; 0.28) | 0.28 (0.24; 0.47) | 0.038 |
APRI > 1.5 | 2 (3.6) | 0 | 0 | 0.741 |
FIB-4 | 1.1 (0.9; 1.5) | 0.9 (0.8; 1.3) | 1.1 (0.9; 1.2) | 0.520 |
FIB-4 > 1.3 | 21 (38.2) | 1 (16.7) | 1 (10) | 0.149 |
NFS | − 0.138 (− 2.427; − 0.322) | − 2.470 (− 3.332; − 2.350) | − 1.125 (− 1.360; − 0.895) | 0.048 |
NFS > − 0.45 | 16 (50) | 0 | 7 (87.5) | 0.015 |
FAST-score | 0.201 (0.130; 0.350) | 0.137 (0.101; 0.188) | 0.254 (0.149; 0.397) | 0.218 |
> 0.35 | 14 (25.5) | 0 | 4 (40) | 0.205 |
> 0.67 | 3 (5.5) | 0 | 0 | 0.634 |
HIV-related parameters | ||||
RNA viral load | 0.012 | |||
< 50 copies/ml | 41 (71.9) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (30) | |
> 50 copies/ml | 16 (28.1) | 4 (66.7) | 7 (70) | |
CD4 (cells/µl) | 773 (533.5; 1019.3) | 828.5 (590.3; 1269.5) | 823 (292.3; 985) | 0.865 |
> 500 CD4 cells/µl | 43 (74.1) | 5 (83.3) | 7 (63.6) | 0.652 |
CDC stages | ||||
C | 10 (27.8) | 2 (33.3) | 2 (25) | 0.727 |
NRTI (TAF vs. TDF) | 0.830 | |||
TAF | 40 (90.9) | 5 (83.3) | 7 (87.5) | |
TDF | 4 (9.1) | 1 (16.6) | 1 (12.5) | |
INSTI | 43 (76.8) | 4 (66.7) | 7 (63.6) | 0.604 |
PI | 7 (12.5) | 1 (16.7) | 2 (18.2) | 0.861 |
NRRTI | 11 (19.6) | 1 (16.7) | 3 (27.3) | 0.824 |
