Table 3 Results of subgroup analyses.

From: T-cell specific antibody induction versus corticosteroid induction immunosuppression for liver transplant recipients: a meta-analysis

Outcomes

Interleukin-2 receptor antibody versus steroid

Anti-thymocyte globulin versus steroid

P-value†

Studies

Antibody

Steroid

Effect size [95% CI]*

P-value

Studies

Antibody

Steroid

Effect size [95% CI]*

P-value

1. Subgroup analysis classified by type of T-cell specific antibody

Mortality4,5,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

9

819

745

0.93 [0.69, 1.24]

0.60

1

60

59

1.08 [0.69, 1.24]

0.84

0.71

Graft failure4,5,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

9

819

745

1.09 [0.85, 1.41]

0.50

1

60

59

0.90 [0.43, 1.88]

0.78

0.63

Acute rejection4,5,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26

10

819

745

0.86 [0.72, 1.02]

0.09

1

60

59

0.80 [0.47, 1.35]

0.40

0.79

Infection4,5,21,23,24,25

5

611

528

0.89 [0.72, 1.10]

0.28

1

60

59

0.85 [0.44, 1.63]

0.63

0.90

CMV infection5,21,23,24,25

4

559

476

0.54 [0.36, 0.82]

0.003

1

60

59

0.21 [0.06, 0.70]

0.01

0.14

HCV recurrence20,21,22,23,24,25

5

269

196

0.89 [0.80, 1.00]

0.05

1

60

59

0.85 [0.60, 1.21]

0.38

0.81

Diabetes mellitus4,5,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

9

797

716

0.43 [0.33, 0.56]

 < 0.001

1

60

59

0.12 [0.02, 0.95]

0.04

0.24

Outcomes

Basiliximab versus Steroid

Daclizumab versus Steroid

P-value†

Studies

Antibody

Steroid

Effect size [95% CI]*

P-value

Studies

Antibody

Steroid

Effect size [95% CI]*

P-value

2. Subgroup analysis classified by type of interleukin-2 receptor antibody

Mortality4,5,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

4

209

204

0.67 [0.39, 1.15]

0.15

5

610

541

1.16 [0.82, 1.65]

0.40

0.09

Graft failure4,5,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

4

209

204

0.89 [0.57, 1.41]

0.63

5

610

541

1.20 [0.88, 1.63]

0.26

0.30

Acute rejection4,5,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

4

209

204

0.70 [0.47, 1.03]

0.07

6

610

541

0.91 [0.75, 1.11]

0.36

0.23

Acute rejection requiring treatment4,5,21,22,23,24,25

3

114

109

0.64 [0.37, 1.09]

0.10

4

453

439

0.95 [0.77, 1.18]

0.63

0.18

Corticosteroid resistant rejection4,5,22,23

2

88

88

2.00 [0.19, 21.38]

0.57

2

418

415

0.58 [0.30, 1.10]

0.10

0.32

Infection4,5,22,24,25

3

114

109

0.75 [0.54, 1.04]

0.08

2

497

419

0.98 [0.74, 1.30]

0.88

0.23

CMV infection5,22,24,25

2

62

57

0.83 [0.36, 1.91]

0.66

2

497

419

0.30 [0.36, 0.77]

0.002

0.26

HCV recurrence21,22,23,24,25

2

48

44

0.77 [0.54, 1.12]

0.17

3

221

152

0.90 [0.80, 1.02]

0.09

0.43

Renal failure requiring dialysis4,5,22

2

88

88

3.00 [0.33, 27.50]

0.33

1

351

347

1.10 [0.45, 2.67]

0.84

0.41

GFR4,22,23

2

88

88

5.38 [1.71, 9.04]

0.004

1

30

56

− 2.50 [− 15.14, 10.14]

0.70

0.24

Diabetes mellitus4,5,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

4

189

183

0.48 [0.30, 0.77]

0.002

5

608

533

0.41 [0.29, 0.56]

 < 0.001

0.57

Hyperlipidemia4,5,19,22,25

3

183

183

0.47 [0.27, 0.79]

0.005

2

497

419

1.25 [0.92, 1.72]

0.16

0.002

Serum cholesterol level (mg/dL)4,5,21,22

2

88

88

− 6.25 [− 13.35, 0.86]

0.08

2

366

362

− 24.14 [− 31.13, − 17.14]

0.0004

 < 0.001

Hypertension4,5,19,20,21,22

3

173

167

0.54 [0.37, 0.78]

0.001

3

393

396

0.86 [0.62, 1.18]

0.34

0.07

Outcomes

No intraoperative steroid bolus

Intraoperative steroid bolus

P-value†

Studies

Antibody

Steroid

Effect size [95% CI]*

P-value

Studies

Antibody

Steroid

Effect size [95% CI]*

P-value

3. Subgroup analysis classified by administration of intraoperative steroid bolus

Mortality4,5,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

5

279

282

1.12 [0.75, 1.68]

0.58

5

600

522

0.82 [0.57, 1.19]

0.30

0.27

Graft loss4,5,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

5

279

282

1.19 [0.83, 1.70]

0.34

5

600

522

0.99 [0.71, 1.37]

0.58

0.45

Acute rejection4,5,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

6

279

282

0.70 [0.53, 0.93]

0.01

5

600

522

0.95 [0.77, 1.17]

0.62

0.09

Acute rejection requiring treatment4,5,20,21,22,23,24

2

93

89

0.73 [0.35, 1.52]

0.41

5

600

522

0.91 [0.73, 1.14]

0.43

0.57

Corticosteroid resistant rejection4,5,21,22

1

67

68

2.03 [0.38, 10.71]

0.40

3

439

435

0.52 [0.26, 1.02]

0.06

0.14

Adverse events5,19,22,23

3

124

128

0.84 [0.74, 0.95]

0.006

1

351

347

1.00 [0.97, 1.04]

0.84

0.006

Infection4,5,21,23,24,25

2

86

80

0.93 [0.53, 1.64]

0.81

4

585

507

0.88 [0.70, 1.09]

0.24

0.84

CMV infection5,21,23,24,25

2

86

80

0.38 [0.16, 0.88]

0.02

3

533

455

0.51 [0.33, 0.70]

0.002

0.53

HCV recurrence20,21,22,23,24,25

3

108

109

0.89 [0.78, 1.02]

0.10

3

190

120

0.88 [0.74, 1.06]

0.17

0.92

Malignancy5,20,21,22,23,24

2

93

93

1.52 [0.26, 8.82]

0.64

4

497

493

0.63 [0.21, 1.84]

0.39

0.40

GFR 4,21,22

1

30

56

− 2.50 [− 15.14, 10.14]

0.70

2

88

88

5.38 [1.71, 9.04]

0.004

0.24

Serum creatinine level (mg/dL)5,22,24

1

30

56

17.60 [− 11.57, 46.77]

0.24

2

478

410

13.76 [7.53, 19.99]

 < 0.001

0.80

Diabetes mellitus4,5,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25

5

277

274

0.40 [0.25, 0.64]

 < 0.001

5

580

501

0.42 [0.30, 0.58]

 < 0.001

0.86

Hyperlipidemia4,5,18,21,24

1

95

95

0.25 [0.03, 2.20]

0.21

3

549

471

0.96 [0.73, 1.25]

0.77

0.23

Hypertension4,5,18,19,20,21

2

122

129

0.69 [0.49, 0.98]

0.04

4

444

434

0.72 [0.55, 1.01]

0.06

0.89

  1. *The data are presented as mean difference or risk ratio with its 95% confidence interval (CI).
  2. †P-value for interaction.
  3. CMV, cytomegalovirus; HCV , hepatitis C virus; GFR, glomerular filtration rate.
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