Table 1 Genetic markers of population differentiation between the isolates from the Bijagós Archipelago and isolates from countries in the other African regions, with F_ST > 0.85. SNPs with F_ST > 0.9 have been highlighted in bold.

From: Population dynamics and drug resistance mutations in Plasmodium falciparum on the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau

Chr	Position	Gene	F_ST value	% Alternate allele – Bijagós population	% Alternate allele – Population 2	Population 2
10	331,746	PF3D7_1008100: PHD finger protein PHD1	0.892	50.0	0.5	West Africa
12	1,265,899	PF3D7_1230800: pre-mRNA-splicing regulator WTAP, putative	0.864	40.0	0	West Africa
6	697,009	PF3D7_0616800 malate:quinone oxidoreductase	0.854	0	91.0	East Africa
6	1,110,905	PF3D7_0627700 transportin	0.855	50	0	East Africa
6	1,115,439	PF3D7_0627800 acetyl-CoA synthetase	0.888	64.3	0.6	East Africa
7	732,862	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit I, putative	0.922	83.3	0.6	East Africa
9	1,178,903	high molecular weight rhoptry protein 2	0.873	92.9	5.2	East Africa
9	1,402,365	PF3D7_0935500 Plasmodium exported protein, unknown function	0.869	73.3	1.6	East Africa
10	331,746	PF3D7_1008100: PHD finger protein PHD1	0.853	50.0	0.7	East Africa
10	658,448	serine/threonine protein kinase, FIKK family	0.865	81.8	3.9	East Africa
11	1,376,369	PF3D7_1135100: protein phosphatase PPM8, putative	0.870	13.3	94.2	East Africa
14	421,792	rhoptry-associated protein 1	0.914	21.4	98.7	East Africa
6	1,115,439	PF3D7_0627800 acetyl-CoA synthetase	0.887	64.3	0.6	Southeast Africa
7	732,862	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit I, putative	0.893	83.3	1.7	Southeast Africa
10	331,746	PF3D7_1008100: PHD finger protein PHD1	0.899	50.0	0	Southeast Africa
12	1,265,899	PF3D7_1230800: pre-mRNA-splicing regulator WTAP, putative	0.886	40.0	0	Southeast Africa
12	1,265,899	PF3D7_1230800: pre-mRNA-splicing regulator WTAP, putative	0.882	12.5	0	South Central Africa
2	318,919 and 319,674	PF3D7_0207900 serine repeat antigen 2	0.929	0	94.4	Horn of Africa
2	367,271	6-cysteine protein P230p	0.934	0	94.7	Horn of Africa
3	204,230	PF3D7_0304100 inner membrane complex protein 1e, putative	0.865	0	89.5	Horn of Africa
3	729,186	PF3D7_0317700: CPSF (cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor), subunit A, putative	0.859	0	87.5	Horn of Africa
4	138,554 and 138,623	reticulocyte binding protein homologue 1	0.942	0	95.8	Horn of Africa
5	608,869	PF3D7_0514600: ribose-5-phosphate isomerase, putative	0.888	0	91.3	Horn of Africa
5	1,042,252	PF3D7_0525100 acyl-CoA synthetase	0.865	78.6	0	Horn of Africa
7	732,865	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit I, putative	0.882	100	8.7	Horn of Africa
7	894,384	PF3D7_0720700: phosphoinositide-binding protein PX1	0.923	100	3.7	Horn of Africa
8	585,854	PF3D7_0811600: conserved protein, unknown function	0.895	0	92.6	Horn of Africa
8	1,031,401	histone acetyltransferase GCN5	0.948	92.9	0	Horn of Africa
8	1,056,829	conserved *Plasmodium* protein, unknown function	0.948	100	3.7	Horn of Africa
8	1,239,302	PF3D7_0828800: GPI-anchored micronemal antigen	0.879	0	88.9	Horn of Africa
8	1,345,148	*Plasmodium* exported protein, unknown function	1.000	100	0	Horn of Africa
9	138,846	PF3D7_0801900: lysine-specific histone demethylase, putative	0.877	0	88.5	Horn of Africa
9	778,075	PF3D7_0918900: gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase	0.870	0	90.5	Horn of Africa
9	1,178,903 and 1,179,069	high molecular weight rhoptry protein 2	0.970	92.9	0	Horn of Africa
9	1,316,936	PF3D7_0933100: conserved *Plasmodium* protein, unknown function	0.925	0	92.3	Horn of Africa
9	1,406,576	PF3D7_0935600: gametocytogenesis-implicated protein	0.916	100	4.3	Horn of Africa
9	1,407,002	PF3D7_0935600: gametocytogenesis-implicated protein	0.884	0	90.5	Horn of Africa
9	1,437,289 and 1,438,135	PF3D7_0936300: ring-exported protein 3	0.884	92.3	3.8	Horn of Africa
10	658,448	serine/threonine protein kinase, FIKK family	0.908	81.8	0	Horn of Africa
11	354,078	PF3D7_1108000: IWS1-like protein, putative	0.890	0	91.3	Horn of Africa
11	812,065	PF3D7_1121400: WD repeat-containing protein, putative	0.894	0	92.0	Horn of Africa
11	1,050,233	PF3D7_1126800: alternative splicing factor SR-MG, putative	0.862	0	87.0	Horn of Africa
11	1,376,369	PF3D7_1135100: protein phosphatase PPM8, putative	0.894	13.3	100	Horn of Africa
11	1,507,877	guanylyl cyclase alpha	0.925	0	92.3	Horn of Africa
12	666,002	perforin-like protein 2	0.943	0	95.7	Horn of Africa
12	1,998,804	PF3D7_1248700: conserved protein, unknown function	0.876	0	88.5	Horn of Africa
13	2,107,756	PF3D7_1352700: intron-binding protein aquarius, putative	0.851	0	88.9	Horn of Africa
14	812,013	PF3D7_1419400: conserved Plasmodium membrane protein, unknown function	0.878	0	90.5	Horn of Africa
14	1,227,066	PF3D7_1431200: OST-HTH associated domain protein, putative	0.875	6.7	95.2	Horn of Africa
14	1,989,372	PF3D7_1448500: conserved Plasmodium protein, unknown function	0.888	7.7	96.3	Horn of Africa
14	2,004,493	PF3D7_1449000: gamete egress and sporozoite traversal protein, putative	0.899	13.3	100	Horn of Africa
14	2,340,921	PF3D7_1457100: conserved Plasmodium protein, unknown function	0.876	0	88.5	Horn of Africa
14	2,343,679	PF3D7_1457200: thioredoxin 1	0.879	0	88.9	Horn of Africa
14	2,357,358	PF3D7_1457400: conserved Plasmodium protein, unknown function	0.897	0	92.6	Horn of Africa
14	2,364,543	PF3D7_1457600: conserved Plasmodium protein, unknown function	0.869	0	92.6	Horn of Africa
14	2,364,847	PF3D7_1457600: conserved Plasmodium protein, unknown function	0.854	0	88.9	Horn of Africa
14	2,367,254	PF3D7_1457700: large ribosomal subunit nuclear export factor, putative	0.851	0	88.5	Horn of Africa
14	2,469,318	PF3D7_1460500: conserved Plasmodium protein, unknown function	0.894	0	91.7	Horn of Africa
14	2,535,998	PF3D7_1462400: conserved Plasmodium protein, unknown function	0.899	0	92.6	Horn of Africa
14	2,845,773	PF3D7_1469400: nucleoside transporter 3, putative	0.859	0	87.5	Horn of Africa

Only SNPs where all calls in the Bijagós population were either reference, alternate, or mixed, were included.
Sample sizes: Bijagós Archipelago N = 15, West Africa N = 233, East Africa N = 155, Southeast Africa N = 172, South Central Africa N = 150, Horn of Africa N = 27.

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Table 1 Genetic markers of population differentiation between the isolates from the Bijagós Archipelago and isolates from countries in the other African regions, with F_ST > 0.85. SNPs with F_ST > 0.9 have been highlighted in bold.

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