Figure 5

Lead estimation procedure. Pb-Lα map of PHerc. 1018, ‘cornice’ 1 taken for this sample at a scanning step size of 100 μm and dwell time of 50 ms (A), zoomed area, showing the sampled selection, purple pixels, within the labelled color-coded regions (B), Pb-L signal in the integrated spectra of the selected pixels along the ruling line and on the background obtained by randomly sampling pixels across the papyrus rolls, outside of the ruling lines, in logarithmic scale (C) and Sensitivity (Si) of the MA-XRF scanner in the energy region of the Pb-L lines (D).