Figure 2

Regions of interest for CT muscle mass and muscle density assessment. Exemplary definition of regions of interest (ROIs) in a patient with high muscle status. ROIs were drawn (a) along the outer circumference of the whole abdominal muscle at the level of the third lumbar vertebral body (L3), (b) along the inner circumference of the abdominal muscle and L3, and (c) around L3. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated by: area of (ROI 1– ROI 2– ROI 3 [cm2])/(body height [m])2 after application of a muscle specific threshold of − 29 to + 150 Hounsfield units (HU). The muscle radiodensity attenuation in HU-values was derived from a ROI around the whole abdominal muscle area (d) after application of the muscle specific threshold.