Table 11 CSP-generated power plant's water withdrawal and consumption data69.

From: Framing a novel holistic energy subsystem structure for water-energy-food nexus based on existing literature (basic concepts)

Sub-category

Water consumption (m3/MWh)

Water withdrawal (m3/MWh)

Median

Min

Max

Median

Min

Max

Dish Stirlinga

0.019

0.019

0.019

0.019

0.019

0.019

Fresnela

3.79

3.79

3.79

3.79

3.79

3.79

Power tower: cooling tower

3.07

2.8

3.26

2.8

2.8

2.8

Power tower: dry coolinga

0.098

0.098

0.098

0.098

0.098

0.098

Power tower: hybrid coolinga

0.64

0.34

0.95

0.64

0.34

0.95

Trough: cooling tower

3.37

2.12

7.19

3.63

3.29

4.16

Trough: dry cooling

0.30

0.12

0.53

0.30

0.12

0.30

Trough: hybrid cooling

1.27

0.42

1.32

1.27

1.27

1.27

  1. aReflecting data limitations and the nature of water use, we assume withdrawal and consumption are equal for all estimates in this category.
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