Table 3 The association between the insulinemic dietary and lifestyle indices with the incidence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome: the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

From: The association of dietary and lifestyle indices for insulin resistance with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases among Iranian adults

 

Insulin resistance

 

Metabolic syndrome

 

Tertiles of indices

P trend

Tertiles of indices

P trend

T1

T2

T3

T1

T2

T3

DIR

 Median score

− 0.04

0.05

0.18

 

− 0.04

0.05

0.18

 

 Case/Total

38/353

46/351

54/353

 

93/549

89/549

112/549

 

 Model 1*

1.00 (Ref)

1.40 (0.86–2.28)

1.74 (1.08–2.80)

0.023

1.00 (Ref)

1.05 (0.75–1.47)

1.41 (1.02–1.95)

0.030

 Model 2†

1.00 (Ref)

1.38 (0.85–2.26)

1.71 (1.06–2.76)

0.028

1.00 (Ref)

1.05 (0.75–1.47)

1.41 (1.01–1.95)

0.032

 Model 3‡

1.00 (Ref)

1.34 (0.81–2.21)

1.65 (1.01–2.69)

0.047

1.00 (Ref)

1.03 (0.72–1.47)

1.32 (0.94–1.87)

0.091

LIR

 Median score

7.60

10.81

13.37

 

3.45

7.67

11.35

 

 Case/Total

26/349

38/350

73/349

 

57/543

86/545

150/543

 

 Model 1*

1.00 (Ref)

1.48 (0.86–2.54)

3.23 (1.97–5.30)

 < 0.001

1.00 (Ref)

1.36 (0.94–1.98)

2.76 (1.93–3.94)

 < 0.001

 Model 2†

1.00 (Ref)

1.51 (0.88–2.59)

3.20 (1.95–5.25)

 < 0.001

1.00 (Ref)

1.39 (0.95–2.02)

2.81 (1.96–4.02)

 < 0.001

 Model 3‡

1.00 (Ref)

1.38 (0.79–2.40)

2.85 (1.72–4.73)

 < 0.001

1.00 (Ref)

1.15 (0.77–1.71)

2.87 (1.96–4.18)

 < 0.001

  1. *Model 1: adjusted for age and sex.
  2. †Model 2: adjusted for model 1 and energy intake, smoking, education level, occupation status, and physical activity (only for DIR).
  3. ‡Model 3: adjusted for model 2 and baseline VAI (for DIR) and TG to HDL-c ratio and waist residual BMI (for LIR).
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