Table 2 Associations between change in TC and risk of CVD.
From: Changes in total cholesterol level and cardiovascular disease risk among type 2 diabetes patients
TC level before T2D diagnosis (mg/dL) | Low (< 180 mg/dL) | Middle (180 to 240 mg/dL) | High (≥ 240 mg/dL) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TC level after T2D diagnosis (mg/dL) | Low | Middle | High | Low | Middle | High | Low | Middle | High |
Number of subjects (N) | 3681 | 1815 | 148 | 4367 | 7662 | 1245 | 1093 | 2395 | 1415 |
CVD (I20–I25, I60–I69) | |||||||||
All | |||||||||
Number of cases (n) | 322 | 212 | 21 | 348 | 799 | 161 | 74 | 230 | 201 |
aHR | 1 | 1.31 | 1.80 | 0.83 | 1 | 1.10 | 0.65 | 0.68 | 1 |
95% CI | Reference | 1.10–1.56 | 1.15–2.83 | 0.73–0.94 | Reference | 0.92–1.31 | 0.49–0.86 | 0.56–0.83 | Reference |
Among non-users of lipid-lowering drugs | |||||||||
Subtotal (N) | 2657 | 1386 | 68 | 2324 | 5394 | 605 | 151 | 1038 | 516 |
Number of cases (n) | 245 | 161 | 13 | 206 | 575 | 88 | 18 | 118 | 92 |
aHR | 1 | 1.27 | 2.25 | 0.86 | 1 | 1.12 | 0.65 | 0.62 | 1 |
95% CI | Reference | 1.04–1.56 | 1.27–3.97 | 0.73–1.01 | Reference | 0.89–1.41 | 0.39–1.09 | 0.47–0.82 | Reference |
Among users of lipid-lowering drugs | |||||||||
Subtotal (N) | 1024 | 429 | 80 | 2043 | 2268 | 640 | 942 | 1357 | 899 |
Number of cases (n) | 77 | 51 | 8 | 142 | 224 | 73 | 56 | 112 | 109 |
aHR | 1 | 1.49 | 1.47 | 0.75 | 1 | 1.08 | 0.69 | 0.76 | 1 |
95% CI | Reference | 1.04–2.14 | 0.70–3.10 | 0.61–0.93 | Reference | 0.82–1.41 | 0.49–0.96 | 0.58–0.99 | Reference |
CHD (I20–I25) | |||||||||
All | |||||||||
Number of cases (n) | 153 | 100 | 10 | 181 | 390 | 82 | 37 | 109 | 99 |
aHR | 1 | 1.31 | 1.63 | 0.85 | 1 | 1.15 | 0.61 | 0.66 | 1 |
95% CI | Reference | 1.01–1.69 | 0.85–3.13 | 0.71–1.02 | Reference | 0.90–1.46 | 0.41–0.90 | 0.50–0.87 | Reference |
Among non-users of lipid-lowering drugs | |||||||||
Subtotal (N) | 2657 | 1386 | 68 | 2324 | 5394 | 605 | 151 | 1038 | 516 |
Number of cases (n) | 111 | 67 | 4 | 95 | 268 | 43 | 9 | 46 | 43 |
aHR | 1 | 1.14 | 1.39 | 0.86 | 1 | 1.24 | 0.70 | 0.50 | 1 |
95% CI | Reference | 0.84–1.55 | 0.51–3.81 | 0.68–1.08 | Reference | 0.89–1.71 | 0.33–1.48 | 0.33–0.77 | Reference |
Among users of lipid-lowering drugs | |||||||||
Subtotal (N) | 1024 | 428 | 80 | 2043 | 2268 | 640 | 942 | 1357 | 899 |
Number of cases (n) | 42 | 33 | 6 | 86 | 122 | 39 | 28 | 63 | 56 |
aHR | 1 | 1.77 | 2.08 | 0.84 | 1 | 1.09 | 0.64 | 0.83 | 1 |
95% CI | Reference | 1.11–2.81 | 0.86–5.01 | 0.63–1.10 | Reference | 0.76–1.57 | 0.40–1.03 | 0.57–1.19 | Reference |
Stroke (I60–I69) | |||||||||
All | |||||||||
Number of cases (n) | 172 | 114 | 12 | 170 | 413 | 80 | 37 | 122 | 102 |
aHR | 1 | 1.32 | 2.11 | 0.80 | 1 | 1.05 | 0.69 | 0.71 | 1 |
95% CI | Reference | 1.04–1.68 | 1.16–3.83 | 0.67–0.96 | Reference | 0.82–1.34 | 0.47–1.02 | 0.54–0.93 | Reference |
Among non-users of lipid-lowering drugs | |||||||||
Subtotal (N) | 2657 | 1386 | 68 | 2324 | 5394 | 605 | 151 | 1038 | 516 |
Number of cases (n) | 135 | 95 | 10 | 114 | 309 | 45 | 9 | 73 | 49 |
aHR | 1 | 1.39 | 3.03 | 0.88 | 1 | 1.02 | 0.60 | 0.74 | 1 |
95% CI | Reference | 1.07–1.82 | 1.70–6.40 | 0.71–1.09 | Reference | 0.74–1.40 | 0.29–1.25 | 0.51–1.07 | Reference |
Among users of lipid-lowering drugs | |||||||||
Subtotal (N) | 1024 | 429 | 80 | 2043 | 2268 | 640 | 942 | 1357 | 899 |
Number of cases (n) | 37 | 19 | 2 | 56 | 104 | 35 | 28 | 49 | 53 |
aHR | 1 | 1.18 | 0.72 | 0.65 | 1 | 1.07 | 0.74 | 0.68 | 1 |
95% CI | Reference | 0.67–2.09 | 0.17–3.06 | 0.47–0.90 | Reference | 0.73–1.57 | 0.46–1.18 | 0.46–1.02 | Reference |
