Figure 2

Effects of undenatured collagen (UC) supplementation at different doses on paw area (a for young rats, b for old rats), stride length (c for young rats, d for old rats), and pad width (e for young rats, f for old rats) in monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) induced osteoarthritis in young (n = 7) and old rats (n = 7). Representative images of the stride length, paw area, and pad width (g for young rats and h for old rats) measured on days 3, 7, 14, and 28 after the MIA-injection are shown. The depicted time points and error lines represent the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for each time point. ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used to compare the results among different treatment groups. Statistical analysis was performed separately within each age group. Statistical significance between groups is shown by: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001 (MIA vs. Control), # p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001; #### p < 0.0001 (MIA vs. UC groups), and $$ p < 0.01; $$$ p < 0.001; $$$$ p < 0.0001 (pairwise comparisons between UC groups).