Table 3 Effects of penoxsulam on MN formation and protective role of BBE.

From: Monitoring genotoxic, biochemical and morphotoxic potential of penoxsulam and the protective role of European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract

Groups

Minimum MN

Maximum MN

Mean MN Formation

Group I

0.00

1.00

0.40 ± 0.52d

Group II

0.00

1.00

0.20 ± 0.42d

Group III

0.00

0.00

0.00 ± 0.00d

Group IV

36.00

53.00

44.70 ± 6.80a

Group V

22.00

40.00

32.20 ± 5.55b

Group VI

12.00

30.00

19.80 ± 5.22c

  1. Group I: tap water (control), Group II: 25 mg/L BBE, Group III: 50 mg/L BBE, Group IV: 20 μg/L penoxsulam, Group V: 20 μg/L penoxsulam + 25 mg/L BBE, Group VI: 20 μg/L penoxsulam + 50 mg/L BBE. Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The averages shown with different letters in the same column are statistically significant (P < 0.05).