Figure 5

Mediating effects of tension and valence on the relationship between roughness and memory. The non-standardized (a₁ and a₂) and standardized values (B) regression coefficients for the association between the independent variable and the mediators are shown for Tension (top) and Valence (bottom). The non-standardized (b₁ and b₂) and standardized (B) regression coefficients for the association between the mediators and the dependent variable of memory scores are shown for each mediator as well. Standard errors are depicted in parenthesis, and statistical significance is indicated by asterisks (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).