Table 3 Chemical composition after physical treatment of wheat straw—effect of wetting.

Wetting	Dry	Remoistened	Drained	SEM	p-value
Autoclaving	No	Mean	Mean	SEM	Wetting
Crude ash [g/kg DM]	78.5	85.3^a	56.5^b	0.601	< 0.001
Crude protein [g/kg DM]	41.5	36.8^a	30.9^b	1.249	0.006
EE [g/kg DM]	7.38	8.22^b	12.2^a	0.368	< 0.001
aNDFom [g/kg DM]	754	791^b	834^a	3.005	< 0.001
ADL [g/kg DM]	51.6	52.9^b	65.7^a	1.152	< 0.001
NFC [g/kg DM]	118	91.3^a	66.6^b	3.407	0.010
Ratios
dig/indig aNDFom	0.430	0.526^a	0.436^b	0.0110	0.007
Calculated forage quality
TDN [g/kg DM]	455	456^a	438^b	2.267	0.008
RFQ	56.6	53.5^a	44.91^b	0.822	< 0.001
DMI [g/kg BW]	15.3	14.4^a	12.7^b	0.019	< 0.001
In vitro digestibility
NDFD_30h [g/kg NDF]	300	342^a	303^b	0.505	0.009
ELOS [g/kg DM]	348	378^a	354^b	0.386	0.006

EE ester extract, aNDFom amylase treated neutral detergent fibre exclusive of residual ash, ADL acid detergent lignin, NFC non-fibre carbohydrates, dig/indig digestible/indigestible ratio, TDN total digestible nutrients, RFQ relative forage quality index, DMI dry matter intake, BW body weight, NDFD_30h NDF digestibility after 30 h of incubation. SEM: standard error of the mean. Variance analysis excluding the untreated control. Treatments with different letters are significantly different (t-test, p < 0.05).

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