Table 2 Comparison of the taxonomy of Day 30 vs. 60 in all subjects taken together.

Taxonomy	Log2 (Fold-change)	P value	Cohen's D	Functional connotations
g__Holdemania^a	1.822	0.005	0.743	Reduced in vegetarian diet¹⁶
s__Blautia wexlerae	0.557	0.032	0.602	Depletion is associated with insulin resistance in obese individuals²²
g__Clostridium	− 0.636	0.042	0.536	Described as leading species in the maintenance of gut homeostasis²¹ (see footnote b, Table 1)
o__Propionibacteriales	2.955	0.053	0.451	Produce microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids during glucose fermentation²³
f__Propionibacteriaceae	2.955	0.053	0.451	Produce microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids during glucose fermentation²³
c__Coriobacteriia	0.919	0.066	0.458	Bile acid metabolism²⁴
g__Blautia	0.661	0.070	0.487	Depletion in the gut ecosystem may occur in cases of obesity and contribute to metabolic inflammation leading to insulin resistance²²
f__Coriobacteriaceae	0.992	0.072	0.445	Bile acid metabolism²⁴
s__Ruminococcus torques	1.017	0.074	0.447	Decrease gut barrier integrity, and a decrease in Lactobacillus johnsonii, a bacterium that helps maintain the intestinal epithelial cell layer²⁵
o__Coriobacteriales	0.973	0.077	0.437	Bile acid metabolism²⁴

^aTaxonomic hierarchies are designated as c (class), o (order), f (family), g (genus) or s (species).

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