Table 3 Feature importance of PVs over 100 permutational resampling on AD prediction.

Rank	Cubist			BRT			NNT			DTR			ENR			ANET33
Rank	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss	PE	MDt loss	%MD loss	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss
0	Baseline	1.0418	0	Baseline	0.6785	0	Baseline	0.3525	0	Baseline	0.4657	0	Baseline	0.2147	0	Baseline	0.1218	0
1	TEMP	0.5294	50.82	TEMP	0.3044	44.87	TEMP	0.2424	68.77	TEMP	0.2682	57.58	DO	0.0562	26.19	SAL	0.0633	51.94
2	SAL	0.3795	36.43	BOD	0.2206	32.51	TSS	0.1284	36.42	BOD	0.1636	35.13	BOD	0.0469	21.84	TEMP	0.0559	45.86
3	BOD	0.3262	31.31	DO	0.1931	28.47	BOD	0.0736	20.88	pH	0.1101	23.64	SAL	0.0160	7.45	TSS	0.0529	43.43
4	DO	0.3118	29.93	TSS	0.1259	18.56	pH	0.0532	15.09	DO	0.0866	18.60	TSS	0.0146	6.80	DO	0.0424	34.82
5	TSS	0.2779	26.68	SAL	0.1072	15.80	DO	0.0354	10.04	TSS	0.0409	8.78	TEMP	0.0135	6.29	BOD	0.0418	34.29
6	pH	0.2190	21.02	pH	0.0799	11.77	SAL	0.0010	0.29	SAL	0.0252	5.40	pH	0.0035	1.65	pH	0.0128	10.47

Rank	ANET42			ANET10			ELM			LR			LRSS			GBM
Rank	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss	PE	MDt_loss	%MDt loss
0	Baseline	0.1389	0	Baseline	0.1662	0	Baseline	0.1858	0	Baseline	0.2129	0	Baseline	0.2115	0	Baseline	0.3633	0
1	TEMP	0.1143	82.31	TEMP	0.1384	83.30	TEMP	0.1059	57.00	BOD	0.0584	27.42	DO	0.0899	42.51	BOD	0.0812	22.35
2	SAL	0.0946	68.13	SAL	0.1359	81.76	BOD	0.0430	23.17	DO	0.0584	27.41	BOD	0.0669	31.65	TEMP	0.0793	21.84
3	BOD	0.0903	65.00	DO	0.1021	61.45	TSS	0.0344	18.52	TSS	0.0233	10.93	TSS	0.0233	11.01	TSS	0.0510	14.05
4	pH	0.0567	40.82	BOD	0.0680	40.94	SAL	0.0227	12.23	SAL	0.0101	4.75	SAL	0.0115	5.45	DO	0.0491	13.51
5	TSS	0.0381	27.41	pH	0.0559	33.66	DO	0.0025	1.32	TEMP	0.0058	2.73	pH	0.0045	2.11	SAL	0.0160	4.41
6	DO	0.0361	26.02	TSS	0.0546	32.84	pH	− 0.0042	− 2.27	pH	0.0051	2.41	TEMP	0.0000	0.00	pH	0.0148	4.07

MDt_loss mean_dropout_loss, \(\%MDt loss=\mathrm{MDt}\_\mathrm{loss due to a PV}/baseline.\)

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