Table 3 Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of high-risk HPV infection by endometriosis.

From: Association of endometriosis with genital human papillomavirus infection in US women: a national population-based study

 

Unadjusted

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

PR (95% CI)

aPR (95% CI)

aPR (95% CI)

aPR (95% CI)

Endometriosis

 No

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Yes

0.72 (0.45–1.15)

0.75 (0.47–1.20)

0.74 (0.46–1.17)

0.71 (0.44–1.14)

Age categories

 20–34

 

Ref

Ref

Ref

 35–54

 

0.78 (0.64–0.96)

0.83 (0.67–1.02)

0.82 (0.66–1.00)

Race/ethnicity

 Hispanic

 

0.89 (0.66–1.20)

0.89 (0.66–1.19)

1.04 (0.79–1.38)

 Non-Hispanic White

 

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Non-Hispanic Black

 

1.17 (0.98–1.41)

1.19 (1.00–1.42)

1.36 (1.15–1.61)

 Other races

 

1.01 (0.65–1.58)

0.98 (0.62–1.53)

1.07 (0.66–1.73)

Ratio of family income to poverty

 < 1.5

 

Ref

Ref

Ref

1.5 ≤  < 3.0

 

0.96 (0.78–1.18)

0.93 (0.77–1.13)

1.02 (0.85–1.22)

 ≥ 3.0

 

0.81 (0.63–1.04)

0.78 (0.62–0.99)

0.93 (0.74–1.18)

Marital status

 Married/living with partners

 

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Widowed/divorced/separated

 

1.41 (1.14–1.76)

1.41 (1.14–1.75)

1.35 (1.08–1.68)

 Never married

 

1.63 (1.28–2.08)

1.56 (1.24–1.95)

1.43 (1.15–1.78)

Number of vaginal/cesarean deliveries

 0

  

Ref

Ref

 1–3 times

  

0.85 (0.62–1.18)

0.85 (0.61–1.19)

 ≥ 4 times

  

0.59 (0.36–0.99)

0.58 (0.34–0.99)

Duration of oral contraceptive use

 < 5 years

  

Ref

Ref

 ≥ 5 years

  

0.84 (0.67–1.04)

0.85 (0.68–1.05)

High-risk alcohol intake

 No

   

Ref

 Yes

   

1.36 (0.94–1.95)

Smoking status

 Never smoker

   

Ref

 Ex-smoker

   

0.97 (0.71–1.32)

 Current smoker

   

1.62 (1.34–1.96)

  1. HPV human papillomavirus.