Table 7 Optimization results for Antenna III.

From: On nature-inspired design optimization of antenna structures using variable-resolution EM models

Algorithm setup

Execution time [hours]

Savings w.r.t. high-fidelity-based algorithm (%)

Average objective function value [dB]

Standard deviation of objective function [dB]

High-fidelity (L = Lmax)

50.9

–

− 10.2

1.2

Variable resolution (cf. (4))

p = 1.0

25.4

50.1

− 10.5

1.0

p = 2.0

19.5

61.7

− 10.1

1.2

p = 3.0

17.0

66.6

− 10.3

1.4

p = 4.0

15.4

69.7

− 10.5

1.7