Table 2 Comparison of clinical, laboratory, and pulmonary characteristics between pSS patients with and without ILD progression.

Age at the baseline CT, years

72.0 (62.0, 76.0)

68.0 (56.0, 77.7)

0.647^a

Male, n (%)

3 (15.8)

4 (20)

1.000^b

Interval between the baseline and last CT, years

3.73 (2.9, 10.0)

2.45 (1.1, 4.3)

0.054^a

Body mass index, kg/m²

24.5 (22.6, 52.1)

22.1 (20.2, 26.0)

0.879^a

USFR, ml/minute

0.06 (0.00, 0.20)

0.16 (0.04, 0.46)

0.079^a

Smoking, n (%)

4 (21.1)

2 (10)

0.407^b

Laboratory findings

 Positive anti-Ro60, n (%)

12 (63.1)

11 (55)

0.605^b

 Positive anti-Ro52, n (%)

11 (57.8)

14 (70)

0.564^b

 Positive anti-La/SSB, n (%)

2 (10.5)

3 (15)

1.000^b

 Rheumatoid factor, IU/ml

14 (7.5–19.5)

9 (7–31)

0.840^a

 IgG, mg/dL

1330 (1106.5–1794.25)

1510 (961.25–2703.0)

0.624^a

 LDH, mg/dL

236.5 (201.0–268.0)

223.5 (183.0–269.5)

0.784^a

Focus score

1 (1, 2)

1 (1, 1.5)

0.493^a

Total SGUS OMERACT scores

3 (0, 6.75)

6 (2.5, 8.0)

0.140^a

Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Damage Index

4 (2,5)

4 (3, 5)

0.988^a

Any Treatment for ILD, n (%)

10 (52.6)

8 (40)

0.527^b

Rituximab

2 (10.5)

3 (15)

0.676^b

Cyclophosphamide

5 (26.3)

4 (30)

0.716^b

Mortality, n (%)

3 (15.8)

1 (5)

0.342^b

FVC and DLCO at initial CT

 FVC, % predicted

82 (73.5, 95.5)

80 (62, 106)

0.851^a

 DLCO, % predicted

62 (54, 72)

67 (45.0, 75.5)

0.731^a

FVC and DLCO at last CT

 FVC, % predicted

63 (60, 91)

81 (73.0, 109.0)

0.070^a

 DLCO, % predicted

60 (50, 68)

61.5 (45.7, 68.2)

0.988^a

 Relative changes in FVC, % predicted

− 11.8 (− 18.1, − 4.0)

4.7 (2.3, 12.3)

 < 0.001^a

 Relative changes in DLCO, % predicted

2.7 (− 10.7, 8.2)

1.5 (− 8.9, 7.7)

0.760^a