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Figure 1

From: Preclinical optimization of a diode laser-based clamp-free partial nephrectomy in a large animal model

Figure 1

Laser source for PN. (A) Absorption spectra of water, hemoglobin (HbO2), and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb), the most abundant chromophores involved in the scope of laser partial nephrectomies. (B) Schematic representation of the lasers classification, according to penetration depth in biological tissue. CO2, carbon dioxide; CW, continuous wave; Er:YAG, erbium-doped yttrium–aluminium-garnet; Nd:YAG, neodymium-doped yttrium–aluminium-garnet. (C) Medilaser-DMC® Diode Laser equipment. (D) Laparoscopic cannula—Model GN—DMC with 600 µm Fiber Optic (Introducer Kit for FO-DMC Catheter).

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