Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Polyproline type II helical antifreeze proteins are widespread in Collembola and likely originated over 400 million years ago in the Ordovician Period

Figure 1

Comparison of ice-shaping in collembolan homogenates. Freeze-dried Collembola were gently homogenized in buffer (8:1 v/w) and the supernatants were assayed for antifreeze activity (TH). For each species (left column), an image was captured from the video during the TH measurement (middle column) and just as the freezing point was exceeded (right column). The positive control is type I AFP from winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). Negative control is buffer (50 mM Tris–HCl (pH 7.8), 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM phenylthiocarbamide and 1 × EDTA-free Roche protease inhibitor cocktail).

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