Table 1 Overview of advantages and disadvantages of common optimization methods under uncertainty for renewable energy systems.

From: Optimizing upside variability and antifragility in renewable energy system design

Method

Advantages

Disadvantages

Stochastic programming12,13

Considers entire variability of uncertain inputs

Requires a lot of data or assumptions on inputs

Considers multiple scenarios which allows for flexibility

Large number of scenarios is computationally expensive

Performs well under expected conditions

Complex algorithm

Worst-case scenario optimization17,19

Requires minimal data (only worst-case scenario)

Does not capture full range of uncertainties

Easier to implement and interpret

Assumes that worst-case scenario can be predicted

Solution that performs well under any scenario

Overconservative

Robust design optimization16,20

Considers entire variability of uncertain inputs

Requires a lot of data or assumptions on inputs

Robust design is least-sensitive to uncertain environment

Computationally expensive

Provides trade-off between robustness and performance

Robust design is often overconservative