Figure 4

Characterization of pure diatomaceous biosilica with (a) Tauc’s plot—presented biosilica bandgaps; (b) XRD—showed amorphous structure of biosilica as well as the presence of quartz or inorganic salts; (c) FTIR spectra—revealed the presence of functional groups surrounding the surfaces of biosilica of SZCZCH193 N. wachnickianum, SZCZM1342 N. shiloi, SZCZP1809 N. cf. shiloi (s—stretching, b—bending; spectra are offset to aid comparison).