Figure 5
From: Synergistic antibacterial effect of copper and silver nanoparticles and their mechanism of action

Damage of outer bacterial membrane by Ag and Cu compounds or their combination. Increase in fluorescence is indicating the outer membrane damage of Escherichia coli (a, c) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (b, d) after 30 min of incubation with the components alone (a, b) and in the mixtures with cAg (c, d). The mean values with standard deviation are shown. cAg, Coated silver nanoparticles; AgNO3, Silver nitrate; CuO, Copper oxide; CuO–NH2, Copper oxide coated with amino groups; CuO–COOH, Copper oxide coated with carboxy groups; CuSO4, Copper sulphate; PB, Polymyxin B.