Table 1 Patient characteristics of 184 patients.

From: Association between interatrial septum adiposity and atrial fibrillation: transesophageal echocardiography imaging and autopsy study

 

All patients

(n = 184)

Paroxysmal AF (n = 94)

Persistent AF (n = 90)

Age (years)

68.7 ± 8.9

70.1 ± 7.6

67.2 ± 9.9*

Sex

 Male, n (%)

133 (72)

60 (64)

73 (81)**

 Female, n (%)

51 (27)

34 (36)

17 (19)**

BMI (kg/m2)

24.5 ± 3.1

24.0 ± 2.9

24.9 ± 3.1*

CHADS2 score

1.6 ± 1.2

1.76 ± 1.14

1.50 ± 1.16

HT, n (%)

113 (61)

66 (70)

47 (52)*

DM, n (%)

41 (22)

20 (21)

21 (23)

HF, n (%)

36 (20)

11 (12)

25 (28)**

Medication

 ACEI or ARB, n (%)

77 (42)

39 (41)

38 (42)

 β-blocker, n (%)

85 (46)

41 (44)

44 (49)

 Statin, n (%)

64 (35)

34 (36)

30 (33)

 Amiodarone, n (%)

52 (28)

16 (17)

36 (40)**

Labo data

 Hb (g/dl)

13.8 ± 1.7

13.4 ± 1.5

14.2 ± 1.89**

 Cr (mg/dl)

1.1 ± 1.2

1.14 ± 1.44

1.04 ± 0.82

 eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)

61.7 ± 19.1

62.9 ± 21.0

60.6 ± 16.7

 pro BNP (pg/ml)

918.8 ± 2917.0

414.8 ± 689.7

1434.3 ± 4024.9*

 HbA1c (%)

5.9 ± 0.6

5.9 ± 0.6

6.0 ± 0.6

 LDL-C (mg/dl)

106.5 ± 31.3

109.1 ± 29.1

103.8 ± 33.2

 HDL-C (mg/dl)

57.3 ± 14.4

58.1 ± 14.1

56.4 ± 14.7

 TG (mg/dl)

116.3 ± 68.9

113.3 ± 65.2

119.5 ± 72.5

Echo data

 LAD (mm)

40.9 ± 5.6

38.8 ± 5.7

43.1 ± 4.6**

 LVDd (mm)

48.5 ± 5.5

47.7 ± 5.3

49.3 ± 5.6

 LVDs (mm)

31.9 ± 6.3

30.7 ± 6.1

33.3 ± 6.3**

 LVEF (%)

62.7 ± 11.6

65.1 ± 10.5

60.2 ± 12.0**

 E/e′

12.7 ± 5.3

12.9 ± 5.4

12.5 ± 5.1

  1. Data are given as mean ± SD or n (%). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, vs PAF.
  2. AF atrial fibrillation, BMI body mass index, HT hypertension, DM diabetes mellitus, HF heart failure, ACEI/ARB angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blocker, Hb hemoglobin, Cr creatinine, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, pro BNP pro brain natriuretic peptide, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglyceride, LAD left atrial diameter, LVDd left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVDs left ventricular end-systolic diameter, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction.
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