Figure 1

(A) an example of the three viewing conditions (full-view [left], central-view [middle], and peripheral-view [right] conditions). (B) Example trial. An initial central fixation dot served as a drift check. Next, the participant fixated the “obligatory fixation point” that appeared either left, right, top, or bottom of the ellipse to trigger a bird image to replace the black ellipse. The “study bird” appeared on the screen for 3000 ms, after which the participants once again fixated an “obligatory fixation trigger” next to the ellipse to display the second “test” image. The bird always appeared facing one direction, allowing the participants to prepare saccades to a specific region and the second “test” image was presented randomly in either of the three viewing conditions. This shows an example of a “same” trial where both images display the same bird species.